Distribution patterns of dissolved trace metals (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in China marginal seas during the GEOTRACES GP06-CN cruise
Distribution patterns of dissolved trace metals (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in China marginal seas during the GEOTRACES GP06-CN cruise
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemgeo.2022.120948
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Ruifeng Zhang;J. Ren;Zhaoru Zhang;Zhu Zhu-Zhu;S. John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ruifeng Zhang;J. Ren;Zhaoru Zhang;Zhu Zhu-Zhu;S. John
痕量金属既是海洋生命的重要微量营养素，也可以是各种自然和人为过程的示踪物。铁、镍、锌、铜等金属是浮游植物的重要营养元素，铅等元素主要被认为是人为污染物，镉是一种生物循环元素，但其营养价值尚不清楚，所有这些金属都受到海洋不同部分重叠的自然和人为过程的影响。中国以渤海、黄海、中国东海、中国南海四个边缘海为界。在这里，我们首次系统地研究了2015年10月的GEOTRACES GP06CN邮轮对中国边缘海中的痕量金属进行的研究。用拖鱼采集了黄海和东中国海69个表层、8个深度剖面的Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb值，同时采集了盐度、磷酸盐和表观氧利用率等辅助参数。我们发现，Ni、Cu和Cd受生物循环和河流输入的影响最大，近期大气沉积对表层海洋铅浓度的影响占主导地位，Fe和Zn受到多种过程的共同影响。与历史数据的比较表明，铜的浓度随着时间的推移一直在增加，推测是由于人为输入的增加。镍和镉也是从河流中高浓度输送的，这可以反映人为输入的影响，而铅来自大气沉积，可能包括人为来源，但这些金属没有明显的时间趋势。因此，这里研究的六种金属受到其广泛的海洋分布、当地沿海过程和人为输入的影响，每种影响的方式和程度都不同。这项研究突出了一个拥有强大沿海和人为投入的“终端成员”区域，是对国际地球观测系统努力的独特贡献。
Trace metals are both important micronutrients for life in the oceans, and can be tracers of various natural and anthropogenic processes. Metals including Fe, Ni, Zn, and Cu are known to be important nutrients for phytoplankton, elements including Pb are viewed primarily as anthropogenic contaminants, Cd is a biologically cycled element though it's nutritive importance is unclear, and all of these metals are impacted by overlapping natural and anthropogenic processes in different parts of the oceans. China is bordered by four marginal seas, including the Bohai, Yellow Sea (YS), East China Sea (ECS), and South China Sea. Here we present the first systematic study of trace metals in the China marginal seas from the GEOTRACES GP06CN cruise in October 2015. The metals Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were sampled in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea at 69 surface locations using a towfish and with 8 depth profiles, along with auxiliary parameters including salinity, phosphate, and apparent oxygen utilization. We find that Ni, Cu and Cd are most strongly impacted by a combination of biological cycling and fluvial inputs, recent atmospheric deposition dominates surface ocean Pb concentrations, and Fe and Zn are impacted by a combination of multiple processes. Comparison with historical data shows that Cu concentrations have been increasing through time, presumably due to increasing anthropogenic inputs. Ni and Cd are also delivered in high concentrations from rivers, which can reflect the impact of anthropogenic inputs, and Pb is delivered from atmospheric deposition which may include anthropogenic sources, but these metals do not show a distinct temporal trend. The six metals studied here are thus impacted by their broad-scale oceanographic distributions, local coastal processes, and anthropogenic inputs, each in different ways and to different degrees. This study represents a unique contribution to the international GEOTRACES effort, by highlighting an ‘end-member’ region with strong coastal and anthropogenic inputs.