Time does not cause forgetting in short-term serial recall
Time does not cause forgetting in short-term serial recall
复制标题
DOI：
10.3758/bf03196705
复制
发表时间：
2004-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Brown, GDA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewandowsky, S;Duncan, M;Brown, GDA
基于时间的理论预计，随着学习和回忆之间的延迟增加，记忆性能会下降。基于时间的遗忘假设是许多连续回忆模型的核心，也是他们关键行为的基础。在这里，我们通过模拟比较基于时间的模型和基于事件的模型的预测，并在两个实验中使用一种新的学习和提取延迟的操作来测试它们。参与者通过纠正性反馈被训练以不同的速度回忆，因此总回忆时间从6个到10个不等。在第一个实验中，参与者使用键盘输入他们的回答，但在回忆过程中必须大声重复一个单词(称为抑制器)，以防止彩排。在第二个实验中，同样需要发音，但回忆是口头的，并由项目提取之间抑制器的重复次数来衡量。在这两个实验中，所有提取速度的序列位置曲线重叠，输出时间几乎没有影响。对基于时间的模型和基于事件的模型的比较评估证实，这些结果对基于时间的方法提出了特别的挑战。我们的结论是，输出干扰，而不是输出时间，在序列回忆中起关键作用。
Time-based theories expect memory performance to decline as the delay between study and recall of an item increases. The assumption of time-based forgetting, central to many models of serial recall, underpins their key behaviors. Here we compare the predictions of time-based and event-based models by simulation and test them in two experiments using a novel manipulation of the delay between study and retrieval. Participants were trained, via corrective feedback, to recall at different speeds, thus varying total recall time from 6 to 10 see. In the first experiment, participants used the keyboard to enter their responses but had to repeat a word (called the suppressor) aloud during recall to prevent rehearsal. In the second experiment, articulation was again required, but recall was verbal and was paced by the number of repetitions of the suppressor in between retrieval of items. In both experiments, serial position curves for all retrieval speeds overlapped, and output time had little or no effect. Comparative evaluation of a time-based and an event-based model confirmed that these results present a particular challenge to time-based approaches. We conclude that output interference, rather than output time, is critical in serial recall.