Design and methods of a social network isolation study for reducing respiratory infection transmission: The eX-FLU cluster randomized trial.
Design and methods of a social network isolation study for reducing respiratory infection transmission: The eX-FLU cluster randomized trial.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.epidem.2016.01.001
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Monto AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aiello AE;Simanek AM;Eisenberg MC;Walsh AR;Davis B;Volz E;Cheng C;Rainey JJ;Uzicanin A;Gao H;Osgood N;Knowles D;Stanley K;Tarter K;Monto AS
新的研究设计覆盖了社交网络上的随机干预。居家隔离减少呼吸道疾病在社交网络传播的研究。描述研究设计、方法、人群特征、网络结构。社交网络越来越被认为是重要的干预点，但相对较少的呼吸道感染传播的干预研究利用了网络设计。在这里，我们描述的设计，方法和社会网络结构的随机干预隔离呼吸道感染的情况下，在大学设置超过10周的时间。在2012年9月至2013年1月的连锁推荐招募过程中，六个霍尔斯的590名学生参加了eX-FLU研究。其中，262人作为“种子”参与者加入，他们提名他们的社会联系人加入这项研究，其中328人参加了“提名者”。参与者被117个霍尔斯随机分组。参与者被要求回答每周一次的健康行为，社会交往和流感样疾病（ILI）症状的调查。参与者在发病后被随机分配到为期3天的宿舍隔离干预组或对照组（无隔离）。ILI病例报告了他们在患病期间的隔离行为，并提供了发病、第3天和第6天的咽拭子和鼻拭子标本。一个子样本的个人（N = 103）参加了一项子研究，使用一种新的智能手机应用程序，iEpi，收集传感器和上下文相关的调查数据的社会互动。在社交网络中，参与者对干预组、入学类型、宿舍、iEpi参与、年龄、性别、种族和饮酒有显著的积极影响（所有P < 0.002）。我们确定了一个可行的研究设计，用于测试大学环境中与社交网络隔离的影响。这些数据为解决有关隔离和感染传播的问题以及深入了解大学生的社交网络和行为提供了无与伦比的机会。在这个项目的过程中吸取了几个重要的经验教训，包括可行的隔离时间，需要广泛的组织努力，以及需要专门的程序员和服务器空间来管理调查和智能手机数据。
Novel study design overlaid randomized intervention on a social network. Study of residence isolation to reduce respiratory illness spread in social networks. Describes study design, methods, population characteristics, network structure. Social networks are increasingly recognized as important points of intervention, yet relatively few intervention studies of respiratory infection transmission have utilized a network design. Here we describe the design, methods, and social network structure of a randomized intervention for isolating respiratory infection cases in a university setting over a 10-week period. 590 students in six residence halls enrolled in the eX-FLU study during a chain-referral recruitment process from September 2012–January 2013. Of these, 262 joined as “seed” participants, who nominated their social contacts to join the study, of which 328 “nominees” enrolled. Participants were cluster-randomized by 117 residence halls. Participants were asked to respond to weekly surveys on health behaviors, social interactions, and influenza-like illness (ILI) symptoms. Participants were randomized to either a 3-Day dorm room isolation intervention or a control group (no isolation) upon illness onset. ILI cases reported on their isolation behavior during illness and provided throat and nasal swab specimens at onset, day-three, and day-six of illness. A subsample of individuals (N = 103) participated in a sub-study using a novel smartphone application, iEpi, which collected sensor and contextually-dependent survey data on social interactions. Within the social network, participants were significantly positively assortative by intervention group, enrollment type, residence hall, iEpi participation, age, gender, race, and alcohol use (all P < 0.002). We identified a feasible study design for testing the impact of isolation from social networks in a university setting. These data provide an unparalleled opportunity to address questions about isolation and infection transmission, as well as insights into social networks and behaviors among college-aged students. Several important lessons were learned over the course of this project, including feasible isolation durations, the need for extensive organizational efforts, as well as the need for specialized programmers and server space for managing survey and smartphone data.