Production diversity and dietary diversity in smallholder farm households
Production diversity and dietary diversity in smallholder farm households
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1510982112
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发表时间：
2015-08-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Qaim, Matin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sibhatu, Kibrom T.;Krishna, Vijesh V.;Qaim, Matin
在发展中世界的大部分地区，营养不足和微量营养素营养不良仍然是严重的问题。改善营养不仅需要改善贫困人口获得食物的途径，还需要提高饮食质量和多样性。由于许多贫困和营养不良人口是小农，因此这些小农农场的生产多样化被广泛认为是改善饮食多样性的有用方法。然而，关于生产和消费多样性之间联系的经验证据很少。本文通过印度尼西亚、肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚和马拉维的家庭数据来解决这个问题。回归模型显示，在某些情况下，农场生产多样性与饮食多样性呈正相关，但并非全部如此。当生产多样性已经很高时，这种关联并不显著，甚至变为负值，因为放弃了专业化带来的收入收益。对其他因素的分析表明，市场准入对膳食多样性的正向影响大于生产多样性的正向影响。市场交易也倾向于降低农场多样性对家庭营养的作用。这些结果表明，增加农场多样性并不总是改善小农家庭膳食多样性的最有效方法，也不应将其本身视为目标。需要进行更多的研究，以更好地了解如何在特定情况下使农业和粮食系统对营养更加敏感。
Undernutrition and micronutrient malnutrition remain problems of significant magnitude in large parts of the developing world. Improved nutrition requires not only better access to food for poor population segments, but also higher dietary quality and diversity. Because many of the poor and undernourished people are smallholder farmers, diversifying production on these smallholder farms is widely perceived as a useful approach to improve dietary diversity. However, empirical evidence on the link between production and consumption diversity is scarce. Here, this issue is addressed with household-level data from Indonesia, Kenya, Ethiopia, and Malawi. Regression models show that on-farm production diversity is positively associated with dietary diversity in some situations, but not in all. When production diversity is already high, the association is not significant or even turns negative, because of foregone income benefits from specialization. Analysis of other factors reveals that market access has positive effects on dietary diversity, which are larger than those of increased production diversity. Market transactions also tend to reduce the role of farm diversity for household nutrition. These results suggest that increasing on-farm diversity is not always the most effective way to improve dietary diversity in smallholder households and should not be considered a goal in itself. Additional research is needed to better understand how agriculture and food systems can be made more nutrition-sensitive in particular situations.