Utilization of sperm by the female Drosophila melanogaster
Utilization of sperm by the female Drosophila melanogaster
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DOI：
10.1086/281068
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发表时间：
1942-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Demerec, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaufmann, P;Demerec, M
实际计数发现，4至5天大的野生型黑腹果蝇在一次交配中转移的精子数量接近4,000个。在连续的交配中，数量迅速减少，直到几次交配后没有精子转移。然而，到第二天，可能会有更多的精子可供移植。单次交配中转移的精子数量仅足以保证普通雌性在最初几天产下的所有卵子的受精。在随后的日子里，不育卵的百分比增加，因此在产卵期结束时，几乎所有沉积的卵都未受精。对三种雄性（即野生型、卷曲/釉状和丛棕色斑点）的精子在所有可能的交配顺序中使用时优先使丛棕色斑点雌性的卵子受精的能力进行了测量。这些杂交产生的“卷曲”和“釉面”后代比野生型稍多一些；丛棕色斑点仅占后代总数的六分之一左右。在丛棕色斑点雌性的后代中也发现了类似的比例，在每只雌性只与其中一种类型的雄性交配后，它们被允许在同一个瓶子中产卵。这种相似性表明，一妻多夫后不同类别后代的频率差异与不同类型胚胎和幼虫的生存能力不同有关，而不是与导致选择性受精的不同类型精子活力或死亡率的差异有关。
The number of sperms transferred by a 4- to 5-day-old wild-type male of D. melanogaster in a single copulation has been found by actual count to approach 4,000. In successive copulations the number rapidly decreases, until after a few matings no sperm is transferred. By the next day, however, additional sperm may be available for transfer. The amount of sperm transferred in a single copulation is only sufficient to guarantee ferilization of all eggs laid during the first few days by the average female. On subsequent days the percentage of sterile eggs increases, so that toward the end of the egg-laying period practically all eggs deposited are unfertilized. A measure was made of the ability of sperms of three types of males, namely, wild-type, Curly/Glazed and plexus brown speck, when used in all possible mating sequences, to take precedence in fertilizing the eggs of plexus brown speck females. The Curly and Glazed off-spring from these crosses were slightly more frequent than the wild-type; the plexus brown speck represented only about one sixth of the total progeny. Similar proportions were found among the offspring of plexus brown speck females, which were permitted to lay their eggs in the same bottle, after each had mated with only one of the types of males available. Such similarity suggests that the differences in frequency of different classes of offspring following polyandry are referable to differential viability of the different types of embryos and larvae, and not to differences in vigor or mortality of the various types of sperms leading to selective fertilization.