Bulk and interfacial aqueous fluoride: an investigation via first principles molecular dynamics.

Bulk and interfacial aqueous fluoride: an investigation via first principles molecular dynamics.
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本体和界面水氟化物:通过第一原理分子动力学进行的研究。

DOI:
10.1021/jp808735x
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
The journal of physical chemistry. A
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kuo,I-FWilliam
Kuo,I-FWilliam
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ho,Ming-Hsun;Klein,MichaelL;Kuo,I-FWilliam

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利用第一性原理分子动力学模拟方法,研究了由215个水分子组成的周期性复制水板中嵌入的氟离子,模拟了体溶剂化和界面溶剂化。与最近的一些实验相比,我们的发现表明,氟化物及其第一溶剂化壳层的结构只有很小的变化。此外,氟化物的存在不会显著改变附近水的旋转动力学。此外,我们还利用Wannier中心计算了分子偶极矩。在界面处,氟化物的存在增加了附近水分子的分子偶极矩,而在本体中,水的偶极矩似乎基本上不随附近氟化物的存在而变化。以前对空气−水界面的研究表明,界面水具有更高的平均HOMO能量,因此更容易受到亲电攻击。随着氟化物的加入,亲电反应最可能的反应部位转移到阴离子上。这一发现可以解释大气科学中感兴趣的非均相过程的已知反应速率大幅增加的原因。空气−水界面附近的其他阴离子的反应性质在非均相化学中是普遍感兴趣的,并且可以使用类似类型的分析来阐明,就像这里对氟离子执行的那样。
Using first principles molecular dynamics simulation, we have studied a fluoride anion embedded in a periodically replicated water slab composed of 215 water molecules to mimic both bulk and interfacial solvation. In contrast to some recent experiments, our findings suggest that there are only small structural changes for fluoride and its first solvation shell in the bulk. Moreover, the presence of fluoride does not significantly alter the rotational dynamics of nearby water. In addition, we have computed the molecular dipole moments using Wannier centers. At the interface, the presence of fluoride increases the molecular dipole moments of nearby water molecules, whereas in the bulk, the dipole moments for water appear to be essentially invariant to the presence of fluoride in the vicinity. Previous studies of the air−water interface have showed interfacial water to have higher average HOMO energies and, thus, likely to be more prone to electrophilic attack. With the addition of fluoride, the most likely reactive site for electrophilic reactions shifts to the anion. This finding could explain the known large increase in reaction rates for heterogeneous process of interest in atmospheric science. The reactive properties of other anions near the air−water interface are of general interest in heterogeneous chemistry and can be elucidated using a similar type of analysis, as performed here for the fluoride anion.
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