Umbrellas and flagships: Efficient conservation surrogates or expensive mistakes?
Umbrellas and flagships: Efficient conservation surrogates or expensive mistakes?
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.100126797
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发表时间：
2000-05-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Fagan, WF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andelman, SJ;Fagan, WF
使用保护伞和旗舰物种作为区域生物群的替代物，其空间分布知之甚少，是一种流行的保护策略。然而，选择替代物种的许多假设仍然未经检验。通过使用生物多样性数据库，其中包含（i）南加州沿海鼠尾草灌丛栖息地，（ii）哥伦比亚高原生态区和（iii）美国大陆关注物种的空间发生率数据，我们评估了一系列保护替代方案的潜在有效性（例如，大型食肉动物、魅力物种、关键物种、广泛物种），询问每个计划可能保护多少物种以及每个栖息地的成本是多少。对于所有三个数据库，我们发现，我们评估的替代方案没有一个比从数据库中随机选择的相当数量的物种表现得更好。虽然一些替代物种可能有相当大的宣传价值，根据我们分析的数据库，代表不同的类群在三个不同的地理尺度上，我们发现，伞和旗舰物种作为区域生物多样性的替代品的效用可能是有限的。
The use of umbrella and flagship species as surrogates for regional biota whose spatial distributions are poorly known is a popular conservation strategy. Yet many assumptions underlying the choice of surrogate species remain untested. By using biodiversity databases containing spatial incidence data for species of concern for (i) the southern California coastal sage scrub habitat, (ii) the Columbia Plateau ecoregion, and (iii) the continental United States, we evaluate the potential effectiveness of a range of conservation surrogate schemes (e.g., big carnivores, charismatic species, keystone species, wide-ranging species), asking how many species potentially are protected by each scheme and at what cost in each habitat area. For all three databases, we find that none of the surrogate schemes we evaluated performs significantly better than do a comparable number of species randomly selected from the database. Although some surrogate species may have considerable publicity value, based on the databases we analyzed, representing diverse taxa on three different geographic scales, we find that the utility of umbrella and flagship species as surrogates for regional biodiversity may be limited.