Coping with HIV-related stigma in five African countries
Coping with HIV-related stigma in five African countries
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jana.2007.11.004
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Holzemer, William L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Makoae, Lucia N.;Greeff, Minrie;Holzemer, William L.
艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 及其家人遭受与艾滋病污名化相关的偏见、歧视和敌意。本报告探讨了莱索托、马拉维、南非、斯威士兰和坦桑尼亚这五个南部非洲国家的艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病毒感染者如何应对与艾滋病相关的耻辱。 2004 年，采用描述性定性研究设计来探讨 PLWH 和护士与 HIV 相关的耻辱经历。总共开展了 43 个焦点小组，共有 251 名参与者（114 名护士、111 名 PLWH 和 26 名志愿者）。在描述耻辱事件时，受访者报告了为应对这些事件而使用或观察到的策略。护士对他们使用的以及在艾滋病毒感染者身上观察到的应对策略的报告进行了编码。艾滋病病毒感染者在处理与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱时使用的应对策略已被编码。总共确定了 17 种不同的自我保健策略：重组、认为自己还好、放手、转向上帝、希望、改变行为、保持活跃、使用幽默、加入支持或社交团体、披露自己的艾滋病毒状况、与有同样问题的其他人交谈、接受咨询、帮助他人应对疾病、教育他人、向他人学习、获取有关疾病的知识和理解以及获得他人的帮助。应对方式似乎是自学的，并且对管理感知到的耻辱只有有限的帮助。
People living with HIV (PLWH) and their families are subjected to prejudice, discrimination, and hostility related to the stigmatization of AIDS. This report examines how PLWH cope with HIV-related stigma in the five southern African countries of Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Swaziland, and Tanzania. A descriptive qualitative research design was used to explore the experience of HIV-related stigma of PLWH and nurses in 2004. A total of 43 focus groups were conducted with 251 participants (114 nurses, 111 PLWH, and 26 volunteers). In describing incidents of stigma, respondents reported strategies used or observed to cope with those incidents. Nurse reports of coping strategies that they used as well as observed in HIV-infected patients were coded. Coping strategies used by PLWH in dealing with HIV-related stigma were coded. A total of 17 different self-care strategies were identified: restructuring, seeing oneself as OK, letting go, turning to God, hoping, changing behavior, keeping oneself active, using humor, joining a support or social group, disclosing one's HIV status, speaking to others with same problem, getting counseling, helping others to cope with the illness, educating others, learning from others, acquiring knowledge and understanding about the disease, and getting help from others. Coping appears to be self-taught and only modestly helpful in managing perceived stigma.