Eye movements and the search for the essence of schizophrenia
Eye movements and the search for the essence of schizophrenia
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0165-0173(99)00051-x
复制
发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holzman, PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holzman, PS
临床精神分裂症由于其多变的表型表现和多变的临床过程而难以精确描述，这种可变性也使其难以发现遗传联系。同家族性特征比精神分裂症本身有更高的复发风险，可能作为精神分裂症疾病潜在生理学的指针。平滑追求眼球运动的功能障碍就是这样一种共家族性特征，发生在约40%至80%的精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属中约25%至40%。眼球运动异常仅在受试者跟踪移动目标时出现。我们已经将这种异常归因于速度敏感性的缺陷，这是一种由特定的中枢神经系统网络调节的功能，包括纹状外皮层的颞中部和内侧颞上区。与临床精神分裂症相比，异常眼动追踪的家族性复发风险更高（约为5%至8%）。这表明精神分裂症精神病可能是一种罕见的更普遍的疾病，其症状比临床精神病的认知和行为障碍要温和得多。从这个角度来看，眼动异常可以被视为精神分裂症的一种多效性表现，就像神经纤维瘤病的咖啡渍斑比神经纤维瘤更良性、更常见一样。(C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.版权所有
Clinical Schizophrenia has eluded precise description because of its protean phenotypic manifestations and variable clinical course, a variability that also makes it difficult to discover genetic linkages. Co-familial traits have higher recurrence risk rates than schizophrenia itself and might serve as pointers to the underlying physiology of schizophrenic illness. A dysfunction of smooth pursuit eye movements is one such co-familial trait that occurs in about 40 to 80% of schizophrenic patients and about 25 to 40% of their first degree relatives. The eye movement abnormality appears only when the subject tracks a moving target. We have traced this abnormality to a deficit in velocity sensitivity, a function that is regulated by a specific central nervous system network that includes the middle temporal and medial superior temporal areas of the extra-striate cortex. The higher familial recurrence risk of abnormal eye tracking, compared with that of clinical schizophrenia (about 5 to 8%). suggests that schizophrenic psychosis may be the rare form of a more prevalent disorder whose symptoms are much milder and more benign than the cognitive and behavioral disturbances of the clinical psychosis. From this vantage point, abnormal eye tracking can be viewed as one pleiotropic manifestation of schizophrenia, considered broadly, just as the cafe-au-lait spots of neurofibromatosis are a more benign and more frequent manifestation of that disease than are the neurofibromata. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.