Use of forensic DNA evidence in prosecutors'offices.
Use of forensic DNA evidence in prosecutors'offices.
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检察官办公室使用法医 DNA 证据。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-720x.2007.00140.x
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Noble,AliceA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prottas,JeffreyM;Noble,AliceA
DNA证据已迅速成为现代刑事诉讼的重要和常规特征。第一次在美国法院引入DNA证据是在1987年。到1994年，42%的当地检察官报告说，他们在重罪案件中至少使用过一次DNA证据。到2001年，这一数字增加到了68%。此外，从技术角度来看，DNA检测的潜在好处是巨大的。通过采用严格的DNA分析标准，已经克服了审判期间可受理的早期障碍。鉴定技术的迅速发展，在很大程度上是由人类基因组计划推动的，以及随之而来的国家法医DNA数据库的开发和扩大，增加了DNA在破案中发挥重要作用的潜力。事实上，州和联邦当局收集的300多万名罪犯档案现在保存在国家DNA索引系统(NDIS)中。随着更多的州和联邦政府将强制DNA收集扩大到因某些罪行被捕的个人，这个数字可能会增加。
DNA evidence has rapidly become a significant and routine feature of modern criminal prosecutions. The first introduction of DNA evidence in a U.S. Court occurred in 1987. By 1994, 42 percent of local prosecutors reported that they had used DNA evidence in a felony case at least once. By 2001 that number had increased to 68 percent. Moreover, from a technical point of view, the potential benefits of DNA testing are substantial. Early hurdles to admissibility during trial have been overcome by the adoption of rigorous standards for DNA analysis. Rapid development of identification technology, fueled in significant part by the Human Genome Project, and the resultant development and expansion of national forensic DNA databases, has increased the potential of DNA to play a major role in crime solving. Indeed, over three million offender profiles, collected by state and federal authorities, now reside in the National DNA Index System (NDIS). This number is likely to increase as more states and the federal government are expanding compelled DNA collections to individuals arrested for certain crimes.