Dietary patterns, food and macronutrient intakes among adults in three ethnic groups in rural Kenya
Dietary patterns, food and macronutrient intakes among adults in three ethnic groups in rural Kenya
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DOI：
10.1017/s1368980010003782
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Tetens, Inge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hansen, Andreas W.;Christensen, Dirk L.;Tetens, Inge
目的：比较肯尼亚农村三个民族成年人的膳食结构和食物及常量营养素的摄入量。设计：在本横断面研究中，使用两次非连续的交互24小时回忆来估计成年志愿者的膳食摄入量。根据每天的膳食和零食数量以及登记的食物项目和主要食物类别来评估饮食模式，并计算它们对能量摄入量(EI)的贡献。测量了人体测量值，并使用问卷获得了社会人口学数据。背景：在肯尼亚农村的Bondo、Kitui和Transmara地区进行了一项横断面研究。研究对象：共有1163名成年人(61%为女性)，他们平均年龄为38.6岁(18-68岁)。结果：不同种族的饮食结构和食物种类对EI的贡献有显著差异。女性的平均EI值为5.8~8.6MJ/d，男性的EI值为7.2~10.5MJ/d，其中碳水化合物的贡献率为55.7%~74.2%，脂肪的贡献率为14.5%~30.2%。男女平均蛋白质摄入量在0.72~1.3g/kg/d之间，EI/BMR比值在1.1~1.6之间，且以罗族最高。体重不足(BMI和lt；18.5 kg/m(2))在罗族、坎巴族和马赛族的患病率分别为13.7%、20.5%和24.2%。尤其是马赛人和坎巴人面临着粮食不安全的风险。
Objective: To compare dietary patterns and food and macronutrient intakes among adults in three ethnic groups in rural Kenya.Design: In the present cross-sectional study, dietary intake was estimated in adult volunteers using two non-consecutive interactive 24 h recalls. Dietary patterns were assessed from the number of meals and snacks per day and from the food items and major food groups registered, and their contribution to energy intake (EI) was calculated. Anthropometric values were measured and sociodemographic data obtained using a questionnaire.Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bondo, Kitui and Transmara districts of rural Kenya. A high prevalence of food insecurity in Kenya underlines the importance of describing the dietary patterns and intakes in different Kenyan ethnic groups.Subjects: A total of 1163 (61% women) adult Luo, Kamba and Maasai, with a mean age of 38.6 (range: 18-68) years, volunteered to participate.Results: Dietary patterns and food groups contributing to EI differed significantly among the ethnic groups. Mean EI ranged from 5.8 to 8.6 MJ/d among women and from 7.2 to 10.5 MJ/d among men, with carbohydrates contributing between 55.7% and 74.2% and fat contributing between 14.5% and 30.2% of total EI. Mean protein intake ranged from 0.72 to 1.3 g/kg per d, and EI:BMR ratio ranged between 1.1 and 1.6 in both sexes, and was highest among the Luo. Prevalence of underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m(2)) was 13.7%, 20.5% and 24.2% in the Luo, Kamba and Maasai, respectively.Conclusions: The degree of food insecurity measured as a degree of undernutrition and as dietary patterns differed considerably among the ethnic groups. The Maasai and Kamba in particular were exposed to food insecurity.