FUR-SEAL DIVING BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION OF KRILL
FUR-SEAL DIVING BEHAVIOR IN RELATION TO VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION OF KRILL
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DOI：
10.2307/4616
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
DAVIS, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CROXALL, JP;EVERSON, I;DAVIS, RW
捕食者-猎物相互作用的定量研究依赖于它们的空间动态和行为的知识。以前，由于难以获得相关数据，无法对海洋脊椎动物进行研究。对雌性南极海狗从南格鲁吉亚出海觅食3-8天的潜水深度连续记录进行了分析，并结合其主要猎物磷虾的丰度和分布的昼夜变化数据进行了分析。在36个完整的觅食日7海豹，75%的4273潜水是在夜间。当时的潜水深度（潜水深度< 30米）比白天（大多数为40-75米）要浅。这与磷虾垂直分布的变化密切相关，几乎所有磷虾在09.00-15.00 h之间都在50 m以下的深度，只有在21.00-06.00 h之间才有大量磷虾在40 m以上。虽然在一天中的任何时候，超过40%的磷虾在水柱中低于75米，但只有3%的潜水超过这个深度。由于磷虾是垂直迁移的，海狗在夜间浅潜时能够最有效地利用它们。
Quantitative studies of predator-prey interactions depend on a knowledge of their spatial dynamics and behavior. Studies on marine vertebrates have previously been precluded by the difficulty of acquiring the relevant data. Continuous records of diving depths of female Antarctic fur seals on 3-8 day feeding trips to sea from South Georgia were analyzed in conjunction with data on diel changes in the abundance and distribution of their main prey, krill. In 36 complete days of foraging by 7 seals, 75% of 4273 dives were at night. Dives then were consistently shallower (dive depth < 30 m) than in daytime (mostly 40-75 m). This closely matched changes in the vertical distribution of krill, nearly all of which was below a depth of 50 m from 09.00-15.00 h, with substantial quantities above 40 m only between 21.00-06.00 h. Although over 40% of krill in the water column at any time of day was below 75 m, only 3% of dives exceeded this depth. Since krill migrate vertically, fur seals are able to exploit them most efficiently during shallow dives at night.