Neuroscience. Path to treat Rett syndrome.

Neuroscience. Path to treat Rett syndrome.
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神经科学。

DOI:
10.1126/science.1245657
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Percy,AlanK
Percy,AlanK
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Percy,AlanK

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Rett综合征(RTT)是一种几乎仅见于女性的独特的神经发育障碍,大约50年前由维也纳的发育儿科医生Andreas Rett首次发现,几乎同时由瑞典神经科医生Bengt Hagberg发现。然而,直到1981年两人的一次偶然相遇,这些观察才具体化,产生了第一个被广泛阅读的关于RTT的英语描述。此后,RTT在世界范围内受到了相当大的关注。经过共同努力,1999年确定了甲基CpG结合蛋白2(MECP2)基因的突变,随后以实验室为导向的研究取得了突飞猛进的进展,包括发展了许多动物模型。一项来自早期小鼠模型的关键观察表明,这种疾病表型有很大的可逆性。从那时起,人们在可用的小鼠模型上进行了转译研究,以确定潜在的治疗方法,包括胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、禁用GABA能神经元功能和干细胞移植。最近,耐人寻味的结果表明,他汀类药物治疗后胆固醇代谢的变化对RTT相关症状有有利的影响。这引起了人们对将这种治疗方法推广到人类的兴趣。
Rett syndrome (RTT), a unique neurodevelopmental disorder seen almost exclusively in females, was first recognized about 50 years ago by Andreas Rett , a developmental pediatrician in Vienna, and virtually simultaneously by Bengt Hagberg, a Swedish neurologist. However, not until a chance meeting of the two in 1981 were these observations crystallized, yielding the first widely read English-language description of RTT . Thereafter, RTT received considerable attention throughout the world. Concerted effort led to the identification of mutations in the geneMethyl-CpG-binding protein 2(MECP2) in 1999 , whereupon laboratory-oriented research exploded, including the development of numerous animal models. A key observation from an early mouse model indicated the possibility of substantial reversibility of the disease phenotype . Since then, translational research has been conducted in available mouse models to identify potential therapies including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) , disabling GABAergic neuron function , and stem cell transplantation . Recently, intriguing results showed that alterations in cholesterol metabolism in response to statin therapy had a beneficial effect on RTT-associated symptoms in a mouse model of the disease. This has prompted interest in advancing this treatment to humans.
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