Metabolism of growth hormone (GH) and different molecular forms of GH in biological fluids.
Metabolism of growth hormone (GH) and different molecular forms of GH in biological fluids.
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生长激素 (GH) 和生物体液中不同分子形式的 GH 的代谢。
DOI：
10.1159/000182179
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baumann,G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baumann,G
人类生长激素(GH)由2个基因衍生的多种分子变体、多种不同的mRNA剪接机制和翻译后修饰(如脱酰胺、酰化)组成。糖基化和齐聚。在分泌物之后。GH与两个(或更多)循环中的GH结合蛋白结合，其中一个是截短的GH受体。由此产生的血浆中生长激素部分的混合物是非常复杂的，由100多个分子态组成。不同的生长激素形式经历不同的清除、受体结合和与结合蛋白的络合，每种形式都表现出不同的动力学。对生物活性的净影响相应地复杂，而免疫分析或受体分析的测量由于缺乏均一分析物而变得复杂。生长激素被认为是一个蛋白质家族，其中许多在生物学上具有未知的功能。人类生长激素(GH)和动物生长激素(GH)都由多种分子变体组成。虽然多年来人们已经认识到垂体提取液中GH的异质性，但它最初被归因于提取过程中产生的人工因素。直到最近，人们才充分认识到多种激素形式的生理作用。这篇综述将限于人类生长激素，并对生长激素异质性的来源、结构性质、代谢命运以及生理和临床意义进行综述。
Human growth hormone (GH) consists of a number of molecular variants which derive from 2 genes, several alternative mRNA splicing mechanisms, and post-translational modifications such as deamidation, acyla tion. glycosylation, and oligomerization. After secretion. GH binds to two (or possibly more) circulating GH-binding proteins, one of which is a truncated GH receptor. The resulting mixture of GH moieties in plasma is enormously complex, consisting of over 100 molecular states. The various GH forms undergo differential clearance, receptor binding, and complexing with binding proteins, each exhibiting distinct kinetics. The net effect on bioactivity is correspondingly complex, and measurements by immunoassay or receptor assays are complicated by the lack of a homogeneous analyte. GH is best seen as a family of proteins, many of which fulfill as yet unknown functions in biology.Human growth hormone (GH) as well as animal GHs consist of multiple molecular variants. While the hetero geneous nature of GH in pituitary extracts has been rec ognized for many years, it was initially attributed to arti facts generated during extraction. The physiological oc currence of multiple hormonal forms has only recently been recognized in its full extent. This review will be restricted to human GH and examine the sources, struc tural nature, metabolic fate, and physiological and clini cal implications of GH heterogeneity.