The vocative - an outlier case
The vocative - an outlier case
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呼格 - 异常情况
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199206476.013.0044
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Spencer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Daniel;A. Spencer
呼格是一种用来唤起和吸引或保持收件人注意力的形式。在世界语言中被广泛证实的称呼形式是使用祈调小品的祈调结构、祈调韵律和名词的祈调形式。有时，称呼的形式被整合到语言的格范式中，然后我们可以说这是一个召唤格。“格”的最强烈的概念是，在这种情况下，与其他类别累积和/或在不同的屈折类（变化）中有不同的标记。在捷克语中，呼召词保持着一种复杂的形态，具有多种异形体和各种不规则形式，而在相互理解的斯洛伐克语中，它已经消失了。本文讨论了感召格和标记类型，包括韵律、格形式和感召助词。它还考察了召唤格和主格之间的联系，召唤格的功能多样性，展示召唤格的核心词汇领域，形态语法和外围召唤功能。
The vocative is a form used for calling out and attracting or maintaining the addressee's attention. Forms of address widely attested in the languages of the world are vocative constructions using vocative particles, vocative prosody, and vocative forms of nominals. Sometimes, the form of address is integrated into the case paradigm of the language, and then we can say there is a vocative case. The strongest notion of ‘case’is that in which case is cumulated with other categories and/or is marked differently in different inflectional classes (declensions). In Czech, the vocative maintains a complex morphology with a variety of allomorphs and various irregular forms, while in the mutually intelligible Slovak it has disappeared. This article discusses the vocative case and types of marking, including prosody, case forms proper, and vocative particles. It also examines the connection between the vocative case and the nominative case, the functional diversity of vocatives, the core lexical domain exhibiting vocatives, morphosyntax, and peripheral vocative functions.