Academic advocacy in public health: Disciplinary 'duty' or political 'propaganda'?
Academic advocacy in public health: Disciplinary 'duty' or political 'propaganda'?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.07.014
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Stewart, E. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, K. E.;Stewart, E. A.
“宣传”在公共卫生中的作用引起了相当大的争论，但很少是实证研究的主题。本文回顾了现有的文献，并介绍了定性研究（访谈和焦点小组在英国进行的2011-2013）涉及147名专业人士（在学术界，公共部门，第三部门和政策设置）在英国关注公共卫生的数据。它试图解决以下问题：（一）什么是公共卫生宣传，它与研究有什么关系？(ii)关心公共卫生的专业人员认为研究人员在宣传中应该扮演什么角色（如果有的话）？对那些从事倡导工作的研究人员来说，风险和挑战是什么，可以在多大程度上加以管理/减轻？在回答这些问题时，我们认为，两个截然不同的概念“宣传”存在于公共卫生，其中最占主导地位的（“代表性”）中心的战略“销售”公共卫生目标的决策者和更广泛的公众。这与另一种（不太广泛使用的）将倡导概念化为“促进”形成对比。这一方法侧重于与那些在政策中声音往往被忽视的社区合作，使他们的意见能够为辩论作出贡献。我们认为，这些不同的思维方式宣传发言的一个更根本的挑战，在研究，政策和实践中的作用，公众的活动，连接这些不同的公共卫生研究。(C)2017作者爱思唯尔有限公司出版
The role of 'advocacy' within public health attracts considerable debate but is rarely the subject of empirical research. This paper reviews the available literature and presents data from qualitative research (interviews and focus groups conducted in the UK in 2011-2013) involving 147 professionals (working in academia, the public sector, the third sector and policy settings) concerned with public health in the UK. It seeks to address the following questions: (i) What is public health advocacy and how does it relate to research?; (ii) What role (if any) do professionals concerned with public health feel researchers ought to play in advocacy?; and (iii) For those researchers who do engage in advocacy, what are the risks and challenges and to what extent can these be managed/mitigated? In answering these questions, we argue that two deeply contrasting conceptualisations of 'advocacy' exist within public health, the most dominant of which ('representational') centres on strategies for 'selling' public health goals to decision-makers and the wider public. This contrasts with an alternative (less widely employed) conceptualisation of advocacy as 'facilitational'. This approach focuses on working with communities whose voices are often unheard/ignored in policy to enable their views to contribute to debates. We argue that these divergent ways of thinking about advocacy speak to a more fundamental challenge regarding the role of the public in research, policy and practice and the activities that connect these various strands of public health research. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.