Absence of post-fast food compensation in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)
Absence of post-fast food compensation in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)
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金仓鼠 (Mesocricetus auratus) 缺乏快餐后补偿
DOI：
10.1016/0031-9384(76)90076-7
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发表时间：
1976
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
I. Zucker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harvey J. Silverman;I. Zucker
测量喂食4种不同饮食之一的仓鼠的自由食物摄入量和体重。然后将动物置于间歇性饥饿（IS）计划中，其中仅在隔天随意提供食物。两种性别的仓鼠表现出很少或没有快餐后补偿，即，在24小时的食物剥夺后，他们的每日食物摄入量不大于基线测试期间的每日摄入量。这些动物失去了它们最初体重的很大比例，其中许多人死亡。其他仓鼠每天限制到半天的喂食期，几乎与光照周期的亮（L）或暗（D）阶段一致，也没有表现出食物补偿;它们通常在D-或L-期间进食，然后是半天的食物剥夺，而不是在D-或L-期间，然后是半天的自由进食。这些动物失去了它们最初体重的大部分，许多人死亡。仓鼠在禁食96小时后重新进食，体重减轻18%，也没有使其摄食量显著高于基线值。在这些实验中的每一个中，饥饿期间损失的大部分体重在延长的随意再喂食方案期间没有恢复。这些发现与同时测试的大鼠的行为形成鲜明对比;大鼠表现出戏剧性的快速后摄食过度，饥饿期间体重减轻的快速恢复，以及L期开始重新进食时正常夜间进食模式的逆转。仓鼠的夜间进食和饮水节奏在所有实验操作面前都非常稳定。然而，仓鼠和大鼠在补偿饮食密度变化方面相当有效; 1：1稀释的流质饮食使摄入的饮食体积迅速增加一倍。令人印象深刻的，但不完全的补偿记录时，固体饲料稀释的惰性物质（高岭土，纤维素）。囤积和冬眠，而不是补偿，可能是对食物短缺时期的适应。无补偿可能与仓鼠对能量耗尽的信号无反应有关。脂肪生成的可能性被认为是一个限速步骤。充分的实地数据作为一个先决条件，以实验室分析的摄食行为的可取性强调。
Ad lib food intakes and body weights were measured for hamsters fed one of 4 different diets. Animals were then placed on an intermittent starvation (IS) schedule in which food was available ad lib on alternate days only. Hamsters of both sexes showed little or no post-fast food compensation, i.e., after 24 hr of food deprivation their daily food intake was no greater than their daily intake during baseline testing. These animals lost a large percentage of their initial body weight and many of them died. Other hamsters restricted daily to half-day feeding periods that nearly coincided with the light (L) or dark (D) phases of the illumination cycle also failed to show food compensation; they generally ate no more during D- or L-periods that followed a half day of food deprivation than during D- or L-periods that succeeded a half day of ad lib feeding. These animals lost substantial portions of their initial body weight and many died. Hamsters refed after a 96-hr fast and an 18% loss in body weight also did not increase their food intake substantially above baseline values. In each of these experiments substantial portions of the body weight lost during starvation were not regained during extended ad lib refeeding regimens. These findings contrast strikingly with the behavior of rats tested concurrently; rats showed a dramatic post-fast hyperphagia, rapid recovery of body weight lost during starvation, and a reversal of the normal nocturnal feeding pattern when refeeding began during L-periods. Hamsters' nocturnal rhythms of eating and drinking were remarkably stable in the face of all the experimental manipulations. However, hamsters, as well as rats, were quite effective in compensating for changes in diet density; a 1:1 dilution of a liquid diet produced a prompt doubling in the volume of diet ingested. Impressive but less complete compensation was recorded when solid diets were diluted with inert substances (kaolin, cellulose). Hoarding and perhaps hibernation rather than compensation may have evolved as adaptations to periods of food scarcity. Noncompensation may be related to hamsters' nonresponsiveness to some signal of energy depletion. The possibility of lipogenesis being a rate-limiting step is considered. The desirability of adequate field data as a prerequisite to laboratory analysis of feeding behavior is emphasized.