Ontogenetic patterns in lipid and fatty acid biomarkers of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) from across the Alaska Arctic
Ontogenetic patterns in lipid and fatty acid biomarkers of juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) from across the Alaska Arctic
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DOI：
10.1007/s00300-020-02648-9
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发表时间：
2020-04-04
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Laurel, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Copeman, Louise;Spencer, Mara;Laurel, Benjamin
描述鱼类在动态季节环境中的状况需要了解它们的能量分配策略。极地鳕鱼（Boreogadus saida）和藏红鳕鱼（Eleginus gracilis）都是阿拉斯加北极水域重要的中等营养鱼类，它们脂质分配的变化可能对它们的越冬生存以及它们对捕食者的能量价值有重要影响。我们采用实验室和野外相结合的方法描述了极地鳕鱼脂质储存的异速生长关系，然后探索了2012年和2013年野外捕获的幼鱼的空间格局。北极野生幼鱼的脂质密度在第一次越冬前随尺寸增大而增大，而1岁以上的幼鱼在第二次越冬前随尺寸减小。利用每个物种潜在的总脂质和脂肪酸密度异速测量的残差，我们能够开发一个条件度量，然后探索与大型冰川桡足动物（C3期及更老）丰度和野外测量的热条件的空间格局相关的条件度量。总脂库的脂肪酸生物标志物表明，极地鳕鱼比藏红花鳕鱼更依赖于鱿鱼类桡足类动物。总的来说，这些数据表明，极地鳕鱼和藏红花鳕鱼可能会对区域变暖做出不同的反应，这取决于浮游动物群落的变化，因此这些鱼类对更高营养水平的能量贡献可能会随着未来海洋变暖而改变。
Characterizing the condition of fish in dynamic seasonal environments requires an understanding of their energy allocation strategies. Both polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis) are important mid-trophic fish in Alaska Arctic waters, and changes in their lipid allocation could have important implications for their overwintering survival as well as their energetic value for predators. We used a combination of laboratory and field approaches to describe allometric relationships in lipid storage of polar cod and we then explored spatial patterns in field-caught juvenile gadid condition during 2012 and 2013. Lipid density in wild juvenile Arctic gadids increased with size leading into the first overwintering period, but age-1 + fish showed a reduction in lipid density with size prior to the 2nd overwintering period. Using the residuals from the underlying allometry of total lipid and fatty acid density in each species, we were able to develop a condition metric which was then explored in relation to spatial patterns in large Calanus glacialis copepodite (stages C3 and older) abundance and thermal conditions measured in the field. Fatty acid biomarkers from the total lipid pool indicated that polar cod have a higher reliance on calanoid copepods than saffron cod. Collectively, these data suggest polar cod and saffron cod will likely respond differently to regional warming depending upon the shift in the zooplankton communities, such that the energetic contribution of these fish to higher trophic levels could be transformed with future ocean warming.