Assessing the susceptibility of female black-footed albatross (Phoebastria nigripes) to longline fisheries during their post-breeding dispersal:: an integrated approach
Assessing the susceptibility of female black-footed albatross (Phoebastria nigripes) to longline fisheries during their post-breeding dispersal:: an integrated approach
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DOI：
10.1016/s0006-3207(02)00337-3
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Dotson, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hyrenbach, KD;Dotson, RC
信天翁的运动和觅食的理由在繁殖后的扩散知之甚少，尽管其重要的保护意义。我们跟踪了四个女性黑脚信天翁（Phoebastria nigripes）在夏季（1997-1999年7 - 9月）繁殖后扩散到加州，并比较了它们的动作，从日本东太平洋（EPO）延绳钓渔业捕捞努力的分布。被追踪的鸟类主要沿着加州海流和中太平洋环流之间的过渡区觅食，并分别在美国和墨西哥的200英里专属经济区（EEZ）和公海（国际沃茨）内的海上度过了25%、24%和51%的时间。卫星跟踪的鸟类占据了金枪鱼延绳钓渔业的目标亚热带沃茨（18-20摄氏度）。和宽嘴旗鱼（Xiphias gladius），在金枪鱼捕捞作业的白天，它们的活动范围不成比例地更远。现有的数据表明，信天翁重叠的时间和空间与延绳钓渔业在东北太平洋。然而，这项研究不能直接评估是否黑脚信天翁副渔获物发生在这些渔业。渔业数据的时间（每月）和空间（1度x1度）分辨率较粗，捕捞努力量的动态性质，阻碍了对信天翁与延绳钓渔业重叠情况进行精细分析。虽然我们在20世纪80年代记录了信天翁分布和日本EPO延绳钓捕捞努力量之间的大量空间重叠，但我们在20世纪90年代没有发现共同发生。这项研究说明了卫星遥测的价值，以评估国家的保护责任，并确定受保护的物种与渔业目前没有监测的观察员计划的潜在相互作用。此外，我们的研究结果强调，由于中上层渔业的高度动态性，在为养护目的解释卫星遥测数据时需要谨慎。(C)2002爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Albatross movements and foraging grounds during the post-breeding dispersal are poorly understood, despite their important conservation implications. We tracked four female black-footed albatrosses (Phoebastria nigripes) for 100 days during their summer (July-September, 1997-1999) post-breeding dispersal off California, and compared their movements to the distribution of fishing effort from the Japanese Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) longline fishery. The tracked birds foraged largely along the transition zone between the California Current and the Central Pacific Gyre, and spent 25, 24, and 51% of their time at sea within the 200-mile exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of the USA and Mexico, and the high seas (international waters) respectively. The satellite-tracked birds occupied subtropical waters (18-20 degreesC) targeted by longline fisheries for tuna (Thunnus spp.) and broad-bill swordfish (Xiphias gladius), and ranged disproportionately farther during daylight hours, when tuna fisheries operate. The available data suggest that albatrosses overlap temporally and spatially with longline fisheries in the northeast Pacific Ocean. However, this research cannot directly evaluate whether black-footed albatross bycatch occurs in these fisheries. The coarse temporal (monthly) and spatial (1degrees x 1degrees) resolution of the fisheries data, and the dynamic nature of the fishing effort inhibited a fine-scale analysis of albatross overlap with longline fisheries. While we documented substantial spatial overlap between albatross distributions and the Japanese EPO longline fishing effort during the 1980s, we found no co-occurrence during the 1990s. This study illustrates the value of satellite telemetry to assess national conservation responsibilities, and to identify potential interactions of protected species with fisheries not currently monitored by observer programs. Furthermore, our results underscore the need to exercise caution when interpreting satellite telemetry data for conservation purposes, because of the highly dynamic nature of pelagic fisheries. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.