Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action
Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.71.2.230
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发表时间：
1996-08-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Burrows, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bargh, JA;Chen, M;Burrows, L
以往的研究表明，线索概念和刻板印象自动成为活跃的相关行为或刻板的群体特征的存在。通过使用相同的启动程序，在以前的印象形成的研究，实验1表明，参与者的粗鲁的概念被启动打断实验者更快，更频繁地比参与者启动与礼貌相关的刺激。在实验2中，老年人刻板印象启动的参与者在离开实验时比对照组的参与者走得更慢，与刻板印象的内容一致。在实验3中，非裔美国人速记员被启动的参与者下意识地对实验者的无理取闹的要求做出更多的敌意反应。这种自动行为启动效应自我实现的预言的影响进行了讨论，是社会行为是否一定介导的有意识的选择过程。
Previous research has shown that trail concepts and stereotypes become active automatically in the presence of relevant behavior or stereotyped group features. Through the use of the same priming procedures as in previous impression formation research, Experiment 1 showed that participants whose concept of rudeness was primed interrupted the experimenter more quickly and frequently than did participants primed with polite-related stimuli. In Experiment 2, participants for whom an elderly stereotype was primed walked more slowly down the hallway when leaving the experiment than did control participants, consistent with the content of that stereotype. In Experiment 3, participants for whom the African American stenotype was primed subliminally reacted with more hostility to a vexatious request of the experimenter. Implications of this automatic behavior priming effect for self-Fulfilling prophecies are discussed, as is whether social behavior is necessarily mediated by conscious choice processes.