Emotional Expressions of Real Humanoid Robots and Their Influence on Human Decision-Making in a Finite Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma Game
Emotional Expressions of Real Humanoid Robots and Their Influence on Human Decision-Making in a Finite Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma Game
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DOI：
10.1007/s12369-021-00758-w
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发表时间：
2021-02-27
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Inoue, Hiroyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahashi, Yasutake;Kayukawa, Yuki;Inoue, Hiroyuki
近年来，机器人的情感表达引起了越来越多的研究兴趣，并且该技术的开发取得了进展。已经提出了采用面部表情、语音、身体动作和指示情感表达的颜色的各种各样的方法。尽管之前的研究探讨了情感表达如何被识别并影响人类行为，但合作和竞争的人机关系尚未得到很好的研究。在某些情况下，研究人员已经研究了在屏幕上展示详细面部表情的代理如何影响合作关系。目前还不清楚真实的类人机器人是否以及如何表达全身运动影响合作决策。为了探索这一点，我们进行了一个实验，参与者玩了一个有限的迭代囚徒困境游戏与一个小型人形机器人，表现出多模态的情感表达，通过肢体运动，LED灯，和语音。结果表明，当类人机器人表现出情感表达时，参与者更加合作。这意味着真实的类人机器人，缺乏表现复杂面部表情的能力，可以通过使用全身运动，颜色和语音与人类形成合作关系。
Emotional expressiveness in robots has attracted increased research interest, and development of this technology has progressed in recent years. A wide variety of methods employing facial expressions, speech, body movements, and colors indicating emotional expression have been proposed. Although previous studies explored how emotional expressions are recognized and affect human behavior, cooperative and competitive human-robot relationships have not been well studied. In some cases, researchers have examined how cooperative relationships can be influenced by agents that exhibit detailed facial expressions on a screen. It remains unclear whether and how expressive whole-body movements of real humanoid robots influence cooperative decision-making. To explore this, we conducted an experiment in which participants played a finite iterated prisoner's dilemma game with a small humanoid robot that exhibits multimodal emotional expressions through limb motions, LED lights, and speech. Results showed that participants were more cooperative when the humanoid robot showed emotional expression. This implies that real humanoid robots that lack ability to show sophisticated facial expressions can form cooperative relationships with humans by using whole-body motion, colors, and speech.