GEOTECHNICAL SAFETY ISSUES IN THE CITIES OF POLAR REGIONS
GEOTECHNICAL SAFETY ISSUES IN THE CITIES OF POLAR REGIONS
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极地地区城市的岩土安全问题
DOI：
10.24057/2071-9388-2012-5-3-104-119
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Shiklomanov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Grebenets;D. Streletskiy;N. Shiklomanov
建立在永久冻土上的北极定居点面临着一系列相当独特的岩土工程挑战。在城市化地区，由于各类基础设施的建设而对自然景观进行技术改造，导致永久冻土-大气系统的热交换发生变化。城市化地区危险低温过程的空间分布和强度与施工前发现的自然背景环境有很大不同。气候变化，尤其是北极地区的气候变化，加剧了这些变化。技术压力和气候变化的结合导致了永久冻土上建筑物和构筑物运行安全的潜在危险情况。本文重点讨论建立在永久冻土上的北极城市中心面临的岩土安全问题。基于实地观察和建模技术，评估了城市住区常见的技术影响特征。针对永久冻土条件的变化和永久冻土上建筑物的运行模式，讨论了变形发展的基本原理。
Arctic settlements built on permafrostface rather unique set of geotechnical challenges. On urbanized areas, technogenic transformation of natural landscapes due toconstruction of various types of infrastructure leads to changes in heat exchange in permafrost-atmosphere system. The spatial distribution and intensity of dangerous cryogenic processes in urbanized areas is substantially different from natural background settings found prior to construction. Climate change, especially pronounced in the Arctic, exacerbated these changes. Combination of technogenic pressure and climate change resulted in potentially hazardous situation in respect to operational safety of the buildings and structures built on permafrost. This paper is focused on geotechnical safety issues faced by the Arctic urban centers built on permafrost. Common types of technogenic impacts characteristic for urban settlements wereevaluated based on field observations and modeling techniques. The basic principles of development of deformations are discussed in respect to changing permafrost conditions and operational mode of the structures built on permafrost.