Carbon Claims and Energy Landscapes: Exploring the Political Ecology of Biomass

Carbon Claims and Energy Landscapes: Exploring the Political Ecology of Biomass
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碳声明和能源格局:探索生物质的政治生态

DOI:
10.1080/01426390903564879
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Van Der Horst D
Van Der Horst D
中科院分区:
法学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Van Der Horst D

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在英国,可再生能源的最大比例(83%)来自生物质。尽管如此,关于生物质的潜在景观影响的辩论很少,该部门的特点是相当程度的不确定性。这篇文章探讨了生物质是如何在碳辩论中被框定的,询问了围绕专用和补贴能源作物生产的权衡和冲突。借助政治生态框架,我们试图探索一种特定的能源作物--芒属--在当前关于生物能源的辩论中所产生的不同之处。我们概述了植物的生态如何在构建生物质能源的政治、生态和经济采用方面发挥关键作用,重点介绍了它在英国作为一个新物种的地位。以长期以煤炭为主的约克郡景观为例,我们探索了生物质能源最近发展的背景。通过这个案例研究,我们研究了不确定的芒属生态如何破坏关于生物质经济可行性的主张,并追踪潜在的外星人景观的生产如何造成一系列的社会和生态紧张。论文最后反思了碳的政治生态,认为这种能源作物的例子突出了碳往往被崇拜的方式,或从其社会、生态和(因此)特定的背景下,在当前的能源辩论中。
The greatest proportion (83%) of renewable energy in the UK is derived from biomass. Despite this there has been little debate over the potential landscape impacts of biomass, and the sector is characterized by considerable levels of uncertainty. This paper explores the ways in which biomass is framed within the carbon debate, interrogating the trade-offs and conflicts surrounding the production of dedicated and subsidized energy crops. Drawing upon a political ecology framework, we seek to explore the difference that a specific energy crop, Miscanthus, makes in current debates over bioenergy. We outline how the ecology of the plant plays a critical role in structuring the political, ecological and economic adoption of biomass energy, focusing on its status as a new species in the UK. Taking a case study of a Yorkshire landscape long dominated by coal, we explore the context of recent developments in biomass energy. Through this case study we examine how the uncertain ecology of Miscanthus undermines claims concerning the economic viability of biomass, and trace how the potential production of an ‘alien’ landscape creates a series of social and ecological tensions. The paper concludes by reflecting upon the political ecology of carbon, suggesting that the example of this energy crop highlights the way in which carbon tends to be fetishized, or removed from its social, ecological and (thus) place specific context, within current energy debates.
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