Disruptive colouration and perceptual grouping.
Disruptive colouration and perceptual grouping.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0087153
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Cuthill IC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espinosa I;Cuthill IC
伪装是许多动物的主要防御手段，包括干扰图形-背景分割和物体识别的多种策略。虽然匹配背景颜色和纹理是广泛的，概念上是简单的，较少探索的是光学“技巧”，统称为破坏性着色，利用感知分组机制。相邻的高对比度颜色会产生虚假的边缘，但这还不足以打破物体的形状;一些颜色必须与背景混合。我们测试了新的假设，这将是特别有效的，当动物的颜色补丁似乎属于，不仅不同的背景颜色，但不同的背景对象。我们使用了基于计算机的实验，人类参与者必须在人工背景上找到神秘的目标。在双色背景上创建似乎是双色前景物体的东西，我们生成了具有相同局部对比度的颜色边界，但要么位于物体内部，要么位于物体之间（虚幻）。正如预测的那样，与看起来不同的背景物体相匹配的目标的错误率高于与背景具有相同的局部对比度但看起来属于单个背景物体的目标。这提供了破坏性的着色干扰高层次的功能集成的证据，除了先前证明的低层次的影响，涉及轮廓检测。此外，在目标位于或接近多个背景颜色或色调边界的治疗中，检测受阻。这与其他研究一致，这些研究表明视觉“混乱”或背景复杂性对搜索的有害影响。
Camouflage is the primary defence of many animals and includes multiple strategies that interfere with figure-ground segmentation and object recognition. While matching background colours and textures is widespread and conceptually straightforward, less well explored are the optical ‘tricks’, collectively called disruptive colouration, that exploit perceptual grouping mechanisms. Adjacent high contrast colours create false edges, but this is not sufficient for an object’s shape to be broken up; some colours must blend with the background. We test the novel hypothesis that this will be particularly effective when the colour patches on the animal appear to belong to, not merely different background colours, but different background objects. We used computer-based experiments where human participants had to find cryptic targets on artificial backgrounds. Creating what appeared to be bi-coloured foreground objects on bi-coloured backgrounds, we generated colour boundaries that had identical local contrast but either lay within or between (illusory) objects. As predicted, error rates for targets matching what appeared to be different background objects were higher than for targets which had otherwise identical local contrast to the background but appeared to belong to single background objects. This provides evidence for disruptive colouration interfering with higher-level feature integration in addition to previously demonstrated low-level effects involving contour detection. In addition, detection was impeded in treatments where targets were on or in close proximity to multiple background colour or tone boundaries. This is consistent with other studies which show a deleterious influence of visual ‘clutter’ or background complexity on search.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Stevens, Martin;Marshall, Kate L. A.;Chadwick, Sarah L.
通讯作者：
Chadwick, Sarah L.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1998.0399
发表时间：
1998-06-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Merilaita, S
通讯作者：
Merilaita, S
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2006.3556
发表时间：
2006-09-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Stevens, Martin;Cuthill, Innes C.
通讯作者：
Cuthill, Innes C.
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.0153
发表时间：
2007-05-22
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Fraser, Stewart;Callahan, Alison;Sherratt, Thomas N.
通讯作者：
Sherratt, Thomas N.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Dimitrova, Marina;Merilaita, Sami
通讯作者：
Merilaita, Sami