Socioeconomic Inequality in Exposure to Bullying During Adolescence: A Comparative, Cross-Sectional, Multilevel Study in 35 Countries
Socioeconomic Inequality in Exposure to Bullying During Adolescence: A Comparative, Cross-Sectional, Multilevel Study in 35 Countries
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2008.139303
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Lynch, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Due, Pernille;Merlo, Juan;Lynch, John
目标。我们研究了国际上青少年遭受欺凌的社会经济分布，并记录了宏观经济环境的贡献。方法。我们对 2001-2002 学年欧洲和北美 35 个国家的 5998 所学校的全国代表性样本中的 162,305 名 11、13 和 15 岁学生进行了一项国际调查。该调查使用了标准化的欺凌暴露程度和社会经济富裕程度的衡量标准。结果。来自低富裕家庭的青少年报告称，成为欺凌受害者的比例较高（比值比 [OR] = 1.13；95% 置信区间 [CI] = 1.10, 1.16）。欺凌发生率的国际差异与国家（以国民总收入衡量）或学校的经济水平无关，但学校富裕程度的巨大差异和国家层面的巨大经济不平等（以基尼系数衡量）与欺凌发生率的增加有关。结论。青少年遭受欺凌的情况存在社会经济不平等，使处于社会经济劣势的儿童面临更高的受害风险。在社会经济差异较大的国家上学和生活的青少年遭受欺凌的风险更高。 （美国公共卫生杂志。2009；99：907-914。doi：10.2105/AJPH.2008.139303）
Objectives. We examined the socioeconomic distribution of adolescent exposure to bullying internationally and documented the contribution of the macroeconomic environment.Methods. We used an international survey of 162305 students aged 11, 13, and 15 years from nationally representative samples of 5998 schools in 35 countries in Europe and North America for the 2001-2002 school year. The survey used standardized measures of exposure to bullying and socioeconomic affluence.Results. Adolescents from families of low affluence reported higher prevalence of being victims of bullying (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10, 1.16). International differences in prevalence of exposure to bullying were not associated with the economic level of the country (as measured by gross national income) or the school, but wide disparities in affluence at a school and large economic inequality (as measured by the Gini coefficient) at the national level were associated with an increased prevalence of exposure to bullying.Conclusions. There is socioeconomic inequality in exposure to bullying among adolescents, leaving children of greater socioeconomic disadvantage at higher risk of victimization. Adolescents who attend schools and live in countries where socioeconomic differences are larger are at higher risk of being bullied. (Am J Public Health. 2009;99:907-914. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.139303)