Geological cartography in Poland in the 19th century
Geological cartography in Poland in the 19th century
复制标题
19 世纪波兰的地质制图
DOI：
10.7306/gq.1198
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
K. Wołkowicz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Wołkowicz;K. Wołkowicz
波兰现代地质填图的历史始于S.斯塔斯齐奇被称为“波兰地质学之父”。在斯塔西奇之前，波兰的一幅总地图已经由J. E. Guettard（1764 a）;其中的Sudety山脉。J. Jirasek（1791），L.冯布赫（1797年），和Raumer（1813年）;和塔特拉山。Hacquet（1796）在波兰分治时期（1772年至1918年），被普鲁士吞并的地区都进行了系统的地质调查。这些制图项目的成果是在1826年至1836年期间编制了两本地质地图集，其中包括标准图幅类型的地图。这些地图集是在L. von Buch和F.霍夫曼对波兰地质学的另一个杰出贡献是G. G. Pusch，优秀Geognostische Beschreibung von Polen（1833-1836）的作者，随后由Geognostyscher Atlas von Polen补充。L. Zejszner是塔特拉山脉的地质图，1844年在柏林匿名出版的Tatra Chaine地图，以及一系列地质图，作为波兰王国东区的地质图草稿。还应特别注意两项广泛的研究，其中涵盖了上西里西亚和下西里西亚地区。其中第一个是由F。Roemer，并于1870年出版。第二个是由R. von Carnall，并于同年出版。在奥地利地质学家进行的所有研究中，有必要提到E。他们绘制了喀尔巴阡山脉以及克拉科夫和利沃夫附近地区的出色地质图。还值得一提的是，从1866年到第一次世界大战开始，自然地理委员会做出了贡献。其成员决定编制加利西亚地质地图集。该委员会工作的最终成果是一套25本的小册子，其中有100多张比例尺为1：75000的地质图，于1885-1912年间发行。从1881年起，该委员会还出版了著名的《自然地理日记》，其中包括由著名的波兰地质学家J. Siemiradzki，A. Michalski和E. Habdank-Dunikowski，附有他们编制的相关地质图。
The history of modern geological mapping in Poland began with the Carta Geologica totius Poloniae, Moldaviae, Transylvaniae, Hungariae et Valachiae by S. Staszic, often called the “father of Polish geology”. Before Staszic, a general map of Poland had been published by J.-E. Guettard (1764a); ones of the Sudety Mts. by J. Jirasek (1791), L. von Buch (1797), and Raumer (1813); and that of the Tatra Mts. by Hacquet (1796). In times of the partition of Poland (1772 to 1918), areas annexed by Prussia were covered by systematic geological surveys. These cartographic projects resulted in the compilation of two geological atlases comprising maps of the standard sheet type, in the period from 1826 to 1836. These atlases were compiled by teams of outstanding geologists, under the leadership of L. von Buch and F. Hoffmann. Another outstanding contribution to the geology of Poland was made by G.G. Pusch, the author of the excellent Geognostische Beschreibung von Polen (1833–1836), subsequently supplemented by Geognostyscher Atlas von Polen. One of the greatest achievements of L. Zejszner was the geological map of the Tatra Mts., Carte de la chaine du Tatra , published anonymously in Berlin in 1844, and a series of geological maps prepared as drafts of Geognostic maps of the Eastern District of the Polish Kingdom. Special attention should be also paid to two extensive studies which covered areas of Upper and Lower Silesia. The first of these, Geognostische Karte von Oberschlesien und den Angrenzenden Gebieten , was completed by a team led by F. Roemer, and published in 1870. The second, Geologische Karte von dem Niederschlesischen Gebirge und den angrezenden gegenden , was compiled by a team led by R. von Carnall, and published in the same year. Out of all the studies carried out by Austrian geologists, it is necessary to mention those of E. Tietze, as they produced excellent geological maps of the Carpathians and vicinities of Krakow and Lviv. It is also worth mentioning the contributions made by the Physiographic Commission, active from 1866 until the beginning of the First World War. Its members decided to prepare the Geological Atlas of Galicia . The final product of works of this commission was a set of 25 booklets, with over a hundred geological maps at a scale 1:75000, issued in the years 1885–1912. From 1881, the commission was also publishing its famous Physiographic Diaries , which include papers on the geology of areas annexed by Russia, written by famous Polish geologists such as J. Siemiradzki, A. Michalski, and E. Habdank-Dunikowski, illustrated with relevant geological maps prepared by them.