Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
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DOI：
10.1055/s-2006-956758
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Bobholz, Julie H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benedict, Ralph H. B.;Bobholz, Julie H.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病，通常导致炎症和萎缩性脑病理，通常引起认知障碍。MS相关的认知障碍在世纪前首次被描述。然而，随着标准化神经心理学测试和定量脑成像的出现，认知障碍的频率，质量和相关性得到了更好的理解。痴呆症在MS中是罕见的，尽管已知它发生在10%至25%的患者中。我们的数据表明，在诊所就诊者中的频率为22%。除了MS痴呆症中明显的认知障碍外，还发生了个性和社会行为的变化。例如，一些患者会出现硬化性欣快症和明显的社会同理心缺陷，这些情况与执行功能障碍相结合，会给患者和护理人员带来相当大的困难。MS痴呆的这些神经精神表现与脑萎缩的磁共振成像指标相关，包括脑室扩大、新皮质体积和正常化的全脑体积。最近在药物治疗疾病进展和管理认知症状方面的进展为患有MS退行性方面的患者带来了希望。
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that commonly leads to inflammatory and atrophic brain pathology, often causing cognitive impairment. MS-associated cognitive impairment was first described over a century ago. However, with the advent of standardized neuropsychological testing and quantitative brain imaging, the frequency, quality, and correlates of cognitive impairment are better understood. Dementia is rare in MS, although it is known to occur in 10 to 25% of patients. Our data suggest a frequency of 22% among clinic attendees. In addition to the cognitive impairments evident in MS dementia, changes in personality and social behavior also occur. For example, some patients develop euphoria sclerotica and marked deficiency in social empathy, conditions that in combination with executive dysfunction cause considerable hardship for patients and caregivers. These neuropsychiatric manifestations of MS dementia are correlated with magnetic resonance imaging indicators of brain atrophy, including ventricle enlargement, neocortical volume, and normalized whole brain volume. Recent developments in pharmacological treatment for disease progression and management of cognitive symptoms hold promise for patients suffering from the degenerative aspects of MS.