Gender convergence in alcohol consumption and related problems: issues and outcomes from comparisons of New Zealand survey data
Gender convergence in alcohol consumption and related problems: issues and outcomes from comparisons of New Zealand survey data
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00758.x
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Pledger, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McPherson, M;Casswell, S;Pledger, M
本文旨在按年龄组比较1995年和2000年新西兰女性和男性的饮酒模式和与酒精有关的问题。第二个目的是考虑与性别趋同假说的争论有关的发现，该假说是关于饮酒中性别趋同与可能的解释之间的联系，如社会角色趋同和政策变化。设计数据收集在新西兰1995年(n=4232)和2000年(n=5113)进行的两次总体人口调查中，使用相同的问卷。测量典型饮酒场合的饮酒量，每年绝对饮酒量，每年饮酒20升以上的比例，在重度饮酒场合消费的总比例，消费频率，每周至少喝一次酒的人的比例，报告三个或三个以上与酒精有关的问题和对醉酒的态度的比例。在一系列酒精消费和与酒精有关的问题的衡量标准中发现了性别趋同的证据。在20-39岁的年龄组中，典型场合的饮酒量以及与之相关的饮酒量、醉酒量和问题都显示出趋同。在40岁以上的人群中，饮酒频率出现了趋同。在消费量相对较高、性别差异较小的20岁以下人群中，没有出现进一步的趋同。结论1995年至2000年新西兰出现了性别趋同。
Aims This paper aims to compare women's and men's alcohol consumption patterns and alcohol-related problems in New Zealand in 1995 and 2000, by age groups. Secondary aims are to consider the findings in relation to debates on the gender convergence hypothesis regarding the link between gender convergence in alcohol consumption and possible explanations, such as social role convergence and policy changes.Design Data were collected in two general population surveys conducted in New Zealand in 1995 (n = 4232) and 2000 (n = 5113) using the same questionnaire.Measurements Quantity consumed on a typical drinking occasion, volume of absolute alcohol consumed per annum, proportions drinking 20+ litres per annum, proportion of total consumption consumed in heavy drinking occasions, frequency of consumption, proportion who drink enough to feel drunk at least once a week, proportions reporting three or more alcohol-related problems and attitudes to intoxication.Findings Evidence for gender convergence was found across a range of measures of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems. In the 20-39-year age group quantities of alcohol consumed on a typical occasion and the related measures of volume, drunkenness and problems all showed convergence. In the groups over 40 years of age convergence occurred in relation to frequency of drinking. In the groups below 20 years, which consumed relatively high quantities and where the differences in consumption between gender groups were relatively small, further convergence did not occur.Conclusions Gender convergence took place in New Zealand from 1995 to 2000.