Race-based perceptual asymmetries underlying face processing in infancy.
Race-based perceptual asymmetries underlying face processing in infancy.
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DOI：
10.3758/pbr.16.2.270
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kangas A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayden A;Bhatt RS;Zieber N;Kangas A
成年人处理其他种族面孔的方式与对待自己种族面孔的方式不同。例如，在一系列自己种族的面孔中，一张其他种族的面孔会吸引白人的注意，但其他种族的面孔中的一张自己的种族面孔就不会吸引人的注意。这种知觉的不对称性被解释为在其他种族的面孔中存在异族特征，而在自己的种族面孔中没有这种特征；这种差异被认为是基于种族的面孔加工差异的基础。我们在两组9个月大的高加索婴儿中研究了这种机制的发育起源。试验组的婴儿在七张高加索面孔中表现出对包含一张亚洲面孔的图案的偏好，而不是七张亚洲面孔中包含一张高加索面孔的图案。这种偏好并不是由图像中的大多数元素驱动的，因为控制组的婴儿没有表现出对包含八张高加索面孔和八张亚洲面孔的同质图案的偏好。结果表明，同族面孔中的异种面孔会引起婴儿的注意，反之亦然。这种知觉的不对称性表明，白人在9个月大的时候就可以获得另一个种族的特征，从而表明面孔加工的专门化机制起源于生命早期。
Adults process other-race faces differently than own-race faces. For instance, a single other-race face in an array of own-race faces attracts Caucasians’ attention, but a single own-race face among other-race faces does not. This perceptual asymmetry has been explained by the presence of an other-race feature in other-race faces and its absence in own-race faces; this difference is thought to underlie race-based differences in face processing. We examined the developmental origins of this mechanism in two groups of Caucasian 9-month-olds. Infants in the experimental group exhibited a preference for a pattern containing a single Asian face among seven Caucasian faces over a pattern containing a single Caucasian face among seven Asian faces. This preference was not driven by the majority of elements in the images, because a control group of infants failed to exhibit a preference between homogeneous patterns containing eight Caucasian versus eight Asian faces. The results demonstrate that an other-race face among own-race faces attracts infants’ attention but not vice versa. This perceptual asymmetry suggests that the other-race feature is available to Caucasians by 9 months of age, thereby indicating that mechanisms of specialization in face processing originate early in life.