Antagonism between Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and its genomic basis
Antagonism between Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes and its genomic basis
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DOI：
10.1186/s12864-016-2489-5
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发表时间：
2016-02-29
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bruggemann, Holger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christensen, Gitte J. M.;Scholz, Christian F. P.;Bruggemann, Holger
背景：痤疮丙酸杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌在人类皮肤上生活得很接近，并且这两种细菌都可以从正常和寻常痤疮影响的皮肤部位分离出来。人们对这两个物种之间的拮抗相互作用以及细菌干扰对皮肤微生物群的潜在意义知之甚少。在这里，我们进行了同时拮抗测定，以检测两个物种的多个分离株之间的抑制活性。对所选菌株进行测序，以确定其抗菌表型的基因组基础。结果：首先，我们筛选了从健康和受痤疮影响的皮肤中分离出的 77 株痤疮丙酸杆菌菌株，代表所有已知的系统发育分支（I、II 和 III），了解其对 12 种表皮葡萄球菌分离株的抗菌活性。一个特定的系统群 (I-2) 表现出比其他痤疮丙酸杆菌系统群更高的抗菌活性。 I-2 型菌株的所有基因组均携带编码硫肽生物合成的岛，该硫肽可能具有针对表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌活性。其次，检查了 20 株表皮葡萄球菌分离株针对 25 种痤疮丙酸杆菌菌株的抑制活性。大多数表皮葡萄球菌菌株能够抑制痤疮丙酸杆菌。对痤疮丙酸杆菌具有强、中、无抑制活性的表皮葡萄球菌菌株进行了基因组测序。基因组比较强调了表皮葡萄球菌的多样性，并检测到多个进化枝或菌株特异性移动遗传元件，编码在抗生素和应激抵抗、生物膜形成和细菌间竞争中重要的多种功能，包括表皮蛋白等细菌素。一种对痤疮丙酸杆菌具有非凡抗菌活性的分离株具有功能性 ESAT-6 分泌系统，该系统可能通过多态性毒素的分泌参与针对痤疮丙酸杆菌的抗菌活性。 结论：综上所述，我们的研究表明，种间相互作用可能会危害皮肤微生物群的平衡。特别是，表皮葡萄球菌菌株拥有多种抑制痤疮丙酸杆菌的不同机制。然而，这种相互作用是否与寻常痤疮等皮肤病相关仍然值得怀疑，因为在健康和痤疮相关的痤疮丙酸杆菌菌株之间，没有检测到针对表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌活性或对表皮葡萄球菌的敏感性差异。
Background: Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis live in close proximity on human skin, and both bacterial species can be isolated from normal and acne vulgaris-affected skin sites. The antagonistic interactions between the two species are poorly understood, as well as the potential significance of bacterial interferences for the skin microbiota. Here, we performed simultaneous antagonism assays to detect inhibitory activities between multiple isolates of the two species. Selected strains were sequenced to identify the genomic basis of their antimicrobial phenotypes.Results: First, we screened 77 P. acnes strains isolated from healthy and acne-affected skin, and representing all known phylogenetic clades (I, II, and III), for their antimicrobial activities against 12 S. epidermidis isolates. One particular phylogroup (I-2) exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity than other P. acnes phylogroups. All genomes of type I-2 strains carry an island encoding the biosynthesis of a thiopeptide with possible antimicrobial activity against S. epidermidis.Second, 20 S. epidermidis isolates were examined for inhibitory activity against 25 P. acnes strains. The majority of S. epidermidis strains were able to inhibit P. acnes. Genomes of S. epidermidis strains with strong, medium and no inhibitory activities against P. acnes were sequenced. Genome comparison underlined the diversity of S. epidermidis and detected multiple clade- or strain-specific mobile genetic elements encoding a variety of functions important in antibiotic and stress resistance, biofilm formation and interbacterial competition, including bacteriocins such as epidermin. One isolate with an extraordinary antimicrobial activity against P. acnes harbors a functional ESAT-6 secretion system that might be involved in the antimicrobial activity against P. acnes via the secretion of polymorphic toxins.Conclusions: Taken together, our study suggests that interspecies interactions could potentially jeopardize balances in the skin microbiota. In particular, S. epidermidis strains possess an arsenal of different mechanisms to inhibit P. acnes. However, if such interactions are relevant in skin disorders such as acne vulgaris remains questionable, since no difference in the antimicrobial activity against, or the sensitivity towards S. epidermidis could be detected between health-and acne-associated strains of P. acnes.