ADAPTATION TO HIGH CONCENTRATE DIETS BY BEEF-CATTLE .1. ADAPTATION TO CORN AND WHEAT DIETS
ADAPTATION TO HIGH CONCENTRATE DIETS BY BEEF-CATTLE .1. ADAPTATION TO CORN AND WHEAT DIETS
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DOI：
10.2527/jas1979.493775x
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
BRITTON, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FULTON, WR;KLOPFENSTEIN, TJ;BRITTON, RA
本研究结合采食量研究进行了一项体内和体外发酵研究，以表征饲喂高精料玉米和小麦饲粮的阉牛的反刍动物采食量和瘤胃微生物发酵模式。与玉米基础饲粮相比，小麦基础饲粮消耗的总饲料量较少（P < 0.01），瘤胃pH值波动幅度更大（4.60 ~ 6.25比5.27 ~ 5.97）。饲粮精料交互作用下，小麦饲用阉牛各水平pH值均较低（P < 0.01）。饲粮中精料百分比增加，粗料百分比减少，小麦饲粮的采食量明显从0 ~ 12 h的高消耗转变为12 ~ 24 h的高消耗。在h 0-2和h 8-12期间，小麦日粮摄入量比玉米日粮摄入量减少，这代表了这两种日粮之间观察到的总摄入量的差异。两种饲粮的体内乳酸值均在35%精料水平时最高，且随精料水平的升高而降低（P < 0.01）。在90%精料水平下，体内和体外均存在少量乳酸，这表明微生物对高谷物日粮的适应，与玉米日粮相比，小麦日粮的摄入量在这一水平上有所减少，这表明动物的消费模式尚未调整。在本研究中观察到饮食对个体总挥发性脂肪酸浓度的微小差异。
An in vivo and in vitro fermentation study was conducted in conjunction with a feed intake study to characterize ruminant feed intake and rumen microbial fermentation patterns as steers were adapted to high concentrate corn and wheat diets. Steers fed the wheat based diet consumed less (P < 0.01) total feed and experienced wider fluctuations in rumen pH values than steers fed the corn based diet (4.60-6.25 vs. 5.27-5.97). Lower pH values were observed for the wheat fed steers at all levels as indicated by a diet by concentrate interaction (P < 0.01). Steers fed the wheat diet markedly shifted their intake patterns from greater consumption in the 0-12 h interval to the 12-24 h interval as percentage concentrate increased and percentage roughage decreased in the diet. Reductions in wheat diet intake compared to corn diet intake in the intervals of h 0-2 and h 8-12 represented the difference in total intake observed between these 2 diets. Highest in vivo lactate values for both diets occurred on the 35% concentrate level with decreasing amounts (P < 0.01) of lactate observed as the concentrate level increased. Small amounts of in vivo and in vitro lactate present at the 90% concentrate level indicate microbial adaptation to high grain diets reduced intake on the wheat diet compared to the corn diet existing at this level would indicate animal consumption patterns not yet adjusted. Small differences due to diet for individual total volatile fatty acid concentrations were observed in this study.