Comparative multilocus phylogeography of two Palaearctic spruce bark beetles: influence of contrasting ecological strategies on genetic variation
Comparative multilocus phylogeography of two Palaearctic spruce bark beetles: influence of contrasting ecological strategies on genetic variation
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.13104
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
F. Mayer;F. Piel;A. Cassel‐Lundhagen;N. Kirichenko;L. Grumiau;B. Økland;Coralie Bertheau;J. Grégoire;P. Mardulyn
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文献类型：
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作者：
F. Mayer;F. Piel;A. Cassel‐Lundhagen;N. Kirichenko;L. Grumiau;B. Økland;Coralie Bertheau;J. Grégoire;P. Mardulyn
虽然生物的系统地理模式通常通过气候变化和地理障碍介导的过去环境干扰来解释，但它们也可能受到物种特异性特征的强烈影响。为了研究这些特征的影响，我们重点研究了两种欧亚云杉树皮甲虫，它们具有相似的地理分布，但在生态和繁殖方面有所不同。印屏Ips是一种具有侵略性的树木杀伤物种，其特点是传播能力强，而micans是一种离散的近交物种（近亲交配是规则），是活树的寄生虫，传播能力差。我们用五个独立的基因片段比较了这两种甲虫在欧亚大陆整个范围内的遗传变异，以评估它们的内在差异是否会影响它们的系统地理模式。我们强调了这两个物种的遗传变异模式的广泛差异，并认为这种差异确实在很大程度上与它们截然不同的传播策略和繁殖模式相一致。此外，与之前在其寄主植物中观察到的一样，印图蝽的遗传结构将欧洲种群划分为北部和南部两个群体，并表明过去的异域分化。据估计，这两个物种在东亚和其他种群之间的分化时间很长，表明它们在末次极大期之前长期存在于欧亚大陆。最后，在micans中观察到的线粒体位点的强大种群结构为该物种的近期殖民历史提供了见解，从其原生欧洲范围到最近引入的地区。
While phylogeographic patterns of organisms are often interpreted through past environmental disturbances, mediated by climate changes, and geographic barriers, they may also be strongly influenced by species‐specific traits. To investigate the impact of such traits, we focused on two Eurasian spruce bark beetles that share a similar geographic distribution, but differ in their ecology and reproduction. Ips typographus is an aggressive tree‐killing species characterized by strong dispersal, whereas Dendroctonus micans is a discrete inbreeding species (sib mating is the rule), parasite of living trees and a poor disperser. We compared genetic variation between the two species over both beetles’ entire range in Eurasia with five independent gene fragments, to evaluate whether their intrinsic differences could have an influence over their phylogeographic patterns. We highlighted widely divergent patterns of genetic variation for the two species and argue that the difference is indeed largely compatible with their contrasting dispersal strategies and modes of reproduction. In addition, genetic structure in I. typographus divides European populations in a northern and a southern group, as was previously observed for its host plant, and suggests past allopatric divergence. A long divergence time was estimated between East Asian and other populations of both species, indicating their long‐standing presence in Eurasia, prior to the last glacial maximum. Finally, the strong population structure observed in D. micans for the mitochondrial locus provides insights into the recent colonization history of this species, from its native European range to regions where it was recently introduced.