Analysis of Humoral Immune Responses in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
Analysis of Humoral Immune Responses in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiaa680
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Schnierle, Barbara S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Henss, Lisa;Scholz, Tatjana;Schnierle, Barbara S.
背景。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）感染已造成数千万病例和数十万人死亡的大流行。这种感染会导致2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19），这是一种严重程度不一的呼吸系统疾病。在目前的研究中，来自德国法兰克福大学医院的143例COVID-19患者的体液免疫反应被表征。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测sars - cov -2特异性抗体。用伪慢病毒载体分析了SARS-CoV-2和人冠状病毒NL63的中和活性。COVID-19的严重程度随着年龄的增长而增加，男性患者的症状比女性患者更严重。疾病严重程度与sars - cov -2特异性免疫球蛋白（Ig） G和IgA的数量以及抗体的中和活性相关。感染聚合酶链反应构象后，sars - cov -2特异性IgG抗体的数量随时间减少，针对核蛋白的抗体比针对刺突蛋白的抗体减少得更快。相比之下，对于普通流感冠状病毒NL63， COVID-19疾病严重程度似乎与低NL63中和活性相关，提示可能存在交叉反应性保护。这些结果描述了针对SARS-CoV-2的体液免疫反应，并可能有助于确定疫苗开发所需保护的相关因素。
Background. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has caused a pandemic with tens of millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths. The infection causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease of the respiratory system of divergent severity. In the current study, humoral immune responses were characterized in a cohort of 143 patients with COVID-19 from the University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Germany.Methods. SARS-CoV-2-specific-antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SARS-CoV-2 and human coronavirus NL63 neutralization activity was analyzed with pseudotyped lentiviral vectors.Results. The severity of COVID-19 increased with age, and male patients encountered more serious symptoms than female patients. Disease severity was correlated with the amount of SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA and the neutralization activity of the antibodies. The amount of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies decreased with time after polymerase chain reaction conformation of the infection, and antibodies directed against the nucleoprotein waned faster than spike protein-directed antibodies. In contrast, for the common flu coronavirus NL63, COVID-19 disease severity seemed to be correlated with low NL63-neutralizing activities, suggesting the possibility of cross-reactive protection.Conclusion. The results describe the humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and might aid the identification of correlates of protection needed for vaccine development.