Phylogenetic placement and species delimitation of the crab spider genus Phrynarachne (Araneae: Thomisidae) from China
Phylogenetic placement and species delimitation of the crab spider genus Phrynarachne (Araneae: Thomisidae) from China
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中国蟹蛛属Phrynarachne（蜘蛛亚科：Thomisidae）的系统发育定位和物种界定
DOI：
10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107521
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Daiqin Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xin Xu;Long Yu;Fan Li;Bingjun Wang;Fengxiang Liu;Daiqin Li
进化生物学家长期以来一直着迷于与鸟类粪便惊人的相似之处，即坐立等待的蟹蛛属（Phrynarachne）。在这样做的过程中，Phrynarachne物种的进化并不是为了避免被发现，而是为了让捕食者误认为它们是不可食用的和/或无生命的鸟粪。然而，缺乏一个Phrynarachne的单基因阻碍了我们的理解，这一特征的属的进化。在这里，我们探讨了种界限的Phrynarachne种从中国使用单和多位点的物种划界方法的基础上30 Phrynarachne样品。所有的种划分方法都支持中国有6个种。我们进一步提出了第一个属Phrynarachne系统发育分析和估计分歧时间使用两个线粒体和三个核基因。所有的系统发育分析都支持中国Phrynarachne的单系性，该属仍然包括在更高的'Escherichisus组'的基础上，我们的结果。我们的定年分析将中国Phrynarachne的冠龄定为中新世中期。综上所述，我们的研究提供了一个时间校准的Phrynarachne属在中国的系统发育测试有关的谱系和鸟类下降伪装的进化假说。
Evolutionary biologists have long been fascinated by the striking resemblance to bird droppings of the sit-and-wait crab spiders of the genus Phrynarachne. In doing so, species of Phrynarachne have evolved not to avoid detection, but rather, to cause predators to misidentify them as inedible and/or inanimate bird droppings. However, the lack of a phylogeny for Phrynarachne impedes our understanding of the evolution of this trait in the genus. Here we explore species boundaries in species of Phrynarachne from China using single- and multi-locus species delimitation approaches based on 30 Phrynarachne samples. All species delimitation approaches supported six species of Phrynarachne in China. We further present the first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Phrynarachne and estimate divergence times using two mitochondrial and three nuclear genes. All of our phylogenetic analyses supported the monophyly of Phrynarachne in China, with the genus still included within the higher 'Thomisus group' based on our results. Our dating analyses place the crown age of Phrynarachne in China to the middle Miocene. Taken together, our study provides a time-calibrated phylogeny of the genus Phrynarachne in China for testing hypotheses regarding the evolution of the lineage and bird dropping masquerade.