Bounds for the Quantifier Depth in Finite-Variable Logics
Bounds for the Quantifier Depth in Finite-Variable Logics
复制标题
有限变量逻辑中量词深度的界限
DOI:
10.1145/2732409
复制
发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
O. Verbitsky
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
C. Berkholz;A. Krebs;O. Verbitsky
Given two structuresGandHdistinguishable in FOk(first-order logic withkvariables), let Ak(G,H) denote the minimum alternation depth of a FOkformula distinguishingGfromH. Let Ak(n) be the maximum value of Ak(G,H) overn-element structures. We prove the strictness of the quantifier alternation hierarchy of FO2in a strong quantitative form, namely A2(n) >n/8 − 2, which is tight up to a constant factor. For eachk⩾ 2, it holds that Ak(n) > logk+ 1n− 2 even over colored trees, which is also tight up to a constant factor ifk⩾ 3. Fork⩾ 3, the last lower bound holds also over uncolored trees, whereas the alternation hierarchy of FO2collapses even over all uncolored graphs. We also show examples of colored graphsGandHonnvertices that can be distinguished in FO2much more succinctly if the alternation number is increased just by one: Whereas in Σiit is possible to distinguishGfromHwith bounded quantifier depth, in Πithis requires quantifier depth Ω(n2). The quadratic lower bound is best possible here because, ifGandHcan be distinguished in FOkwithiquantifier alternations, this can be done with quantifier depthn2k− 2+ 1 and the same number of alternations.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1988
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
R. Dechter;J. Pearl
通讯作者:
J. Pearl
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2007
期刊:
Annual Conference for Computer Science Logic
影响因子:
--
作者:
Philipp Weis;N. Immerman
通讯作者:
N. Immerman
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1990
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
N. Immerman;E. Lander
通讯作者:
E. Lander
影响因子:
1.1
作者:
Martin Grohe
通讯作者:
Martin Grohe
DOI:
--
发表时间:
1981
期刊:
Journal of computer and system sciences (Print)
影响因子:
--
作者:
N. Immerman
通讯作者:
N. Immerman