The natural killer T lymphocyte: a player in the complex regulation of autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice
The natural killer T lymphocyte: a player in the complex regulation of autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02942.x
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Cardell, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardell, SL
操纵免疫反应以特异性地预防自身攻击需要理解自身免疫发病过程中发生的复杂相互作用。传统的T淋巴细胞识别由经典的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）I类和II类分子呈递的肽抗原，作为破坏性自身反应过程中的关键参与者，受到了很大的关注。不同类型的调节性T淋巴细胞在调节疾病发展中的关键作用也得到了很好的确立。最近，CD1d限制性自然杀伤T（NKT）淋巴细胞由于其调节多种免疫应答的能力而成为研究的热点。非经典的抗原呈递分子CD1d将脂质和糖脂呈递给在人类和小鼠中发现的这种高度特化的T淋巴细胞亚群。从自身免疫的实验模型中，越来越多的证据表明NKT细胞可以预防疾病。研究得最好的一种是鼠1型糖尿病模型，即非肥胖糖尿病（NOD）小鼠。虽然NKT细胞群首先被认为是NOD小鼠中的缺陷，但增加NKT细胞活性已被证明可以抑制该品系中自身免疫性疾病的发展。CD1d限制性T细胞发挥这一功能的机制仍然没有完全描述，但在NOD小鼠中的研究开始揭示NKT细胞调节的特定作用。本文综述了CD1d限制性NKT细胞在自身免疫性糖尿病控制中的作用。
Manipulation of the immune response to specifically prevent autoaggression requires an understanding of the complex interactions that occur during the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. Much attention has been paid to conventional T lymphocytes recognizing peptide antigens presented by classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules, as key players in the destructive autoreactive process. A pivotal role for different types of regulatory T lymphocytes in modulating the development of disease is also well established. Lately, CD1d-restricted natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes have been the subject of intense investigation because of their ability to regulate a diversity of immune responses. The non-classical antigen presenting molecule CD1d presents lipids and glycolipids to this highly specialized subset of T lymphocytes found in both humans and mice. From experimental models of autoimmunity, evidence is accumulating that NKT cells can protect from disease. One of the best studied is the murine type 1 diabetes model, the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. While the NKT cell population was first recognized to be deficient in NOD mice, augmenting NKT cell activity has been shown to suppress the development of autoimmune disease in this strain. The mechanism by which CD1d-restricted T cells exert this function is still described incompletely, but investigations in NOD mice are starting to unravel specific effects of NKT cell regulation. This review focuses on the role of CD1d-restricted NKT cells in the control of autoimmune diabetes.