Disinfection byproducts and bladder cancer - A pooled analysis
Disinfection byproducts and bladder cancer - A pooled analysis
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DOI：
10.1097/01.ede.0000121380.02594.fc
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发表时间：
2004-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kogevinas, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Villanueva, CM;Cantor, KP;Kogevinas, M
背景：暴露于饮用水中的消毒副产物与膀胱癌风险增加有关。我们汇总了6例膀胱癌病例对照研究的主要数据，使用三卤甲烷作为消毒副产品的标记。方法：两项研究包括来自美国和加拿大，法国，意大利，芬兰各一个。纳入标准是关于三卤甲烷暴露和个人用水量的详细数据的可用性。该分析包括2806例病例和5254例对照，所有这些人在访谈前40年的暴露窗口中至少有70%的已知暴露措施。累积暴露于三卤甲烷估计结合个人逐年平均三卤甲烷水平和每日自来水consumption.Results：有一个调整后的比值比（OR）为1.24的男性暴露于平均超过1微克/升（ppb）的三卤甲烷相比，那些谁有较低或没有暴露（95%置信区间[CI] = 1.09-1.41）。估计的相对风险随着暴露量的增加而增加，暴露量高于50 mug/L（ppb）的OR为1.44（1.20-1.73）。其他三卤甲烷暴露指数也发现了类似的结果。在妇女中，三卤甲烷暴露与膀胱癌的风险（0.95; 0.76-1.20）。结论：这些研究结果加强了这一假设，即膀胱癌的风险增加与长期暴露于消毒副产品目前在许多工业化国家观察到的水平。
Background: Exposure to disinfection byproducts in drinking water has been associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. We pooled the primary data from 6 case-control studies of bladder cancer that used trihalomethanes as a marker of disinfection byproducts.Methods: Two studies were included from the United States and one each from Canada, France, Italy, and Finland. Inclusion criteria were availability of detailed data on trihalomethane exposure and individual water consumption. The analysis included 2806 cases and 5254 controls, all of whom had measures of known exposure for at least 70% of the exposure window of 40 years before the interview. Cumulative exposure to trihalomethanes was estimated by combining individual year-by-year average trihalomethane level and daily tap water consumption.Results: There was an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.24 in men exposed to an average of more than 1 mug/L (ppb) trihalomethanes compared with those who had lower or no exposure (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09-1.41). Estimated relative risks increased with increasing exposure, with an OR of 1.44 (1.20-1.73) for exposure higher than 50 mug/L (ppb). Similar results were found with other indices of trihalomethane exposure. Among women, trihalomethane exposure was not associated with bladder cancer risk (0.95; 0.76-1.20).Conclusions: These findings strengthen the hypothesis that the risk of bladder cancer is increased with long-term exposure to disinfection byproducts at levels currently observed in many industrialized countries.