Bacterial dehalorespiration with chlorinated benzenes
Bacterial dehalorespiration with chlorinated benzenes
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DOI：
10.1038/35046063
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发表时间：
2000-11-30
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Görisch, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adrian, L;Szewzyk, U;Görisch, H
氯苯是有毒的，高度持久性和无处不在的环境污染物，在食物链中积累（1）。1，2，3，5-四氯苯（TeCB）和高氯代苯的唯一已知微生物转化是在厌氧条件下用混合细菌培养物观察到的还原脱氯作用，以生成低氯代苯（2-4）。低氯化苯随后可以被好氧细菌矿化。在这里，我们描述了分离的氧敏感菌株CBDB 1，一个纯培养能够还原脱氯氯苯。菌株CBDB 1是一种高度特化的细菌，可将1，2，3-三氯苯（TCB）、1，2，4-TCB、1，2，3，4-TeCB、1，2，3，5-TeCB和1，2，4，5-TeCB化学计量脱氯为二氯苯或1，3，5-TCB。氯苯作为电子受体和氢作为电子供体的存在是生长所必需的，并且表明菌株CBDB 1通过脱卤呼吸过程满足其能量需求。根据其16 S rRNA基因序列，菌株CBDB 1、Dehalococcoides ethenogenes（5）和几种未培养的细菌形成一个新的细菌簇，其中菌株CBDB 1是迄今为止第一个在纯合成培养基上茁壮成长的菌株。
Chlorobenzenes are toxic, highly persistent and ubiquitously distributed environmental contaminants that accumulate in the food chain(1). The only known microbial transformation of 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene (TeCB) and higher chlorinated benzenes is the reductive dechlorination to lower chlorinated benzenes under anaerobic conditions observed with mixed bacterial cultures(2-4). The lower chlorinated benzenes can subsequently be mineralized by aerobic bacteria. Here we describe the isolation of the oxygen-sensitive strain CBDB1, a pure culture capable of reductive dechlorination of chlorobenzenes. Strain CBDB1 is a highly specialized bacterium that stoichiometrically dechlorinates 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (TCB), 1,2,4-TCB, 1,2,3,4-TeCB, 1,2,3,5-TeCB and 1,2,4,5-TeCB to dichlorobenzenes or 1,3,5-TCB. The presence of chlorobenzene as an electron acceptor and hydrogen as an electron donor is essential for growth, and indicates that strain CBDB1 meets its energy needs by a dehalorespiratory process. According to their 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain CBDB1, Dehalococcoides ethenogenes(5) and several uncultivated bacteria forma new bacterial cluster, of which strain CBDB1 is the first, so far, to thrive on a purely synthetic medium.