Modification of masticatory rhythmicity leading to the initiation of the swallowing reflex in human
Modification of masticatory rhythmicity leading to the initiation of the swallowing reflex in human
复制标题
咀嚼节律的改变导致人类吞咽反射的启动
DOI：
10.1007/s00455-017-9860-9
复制
发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Saitoh K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoneda M;Saitoh K
在咀嚼过程中，通过本体感觉反馈对运动的修改在吞咽从口腔阶段转移到咽部阶段中具有重要作用。本研究的目的是调查整个序列的口咽吞咽的咀嚼肌的动力学，并提出一个假设的模型，参与神经系统的过渡，从咀嚼吞咽反射。当进食一片面包（3-5 g）时，记录下闭颌咬肌和开颌舌骨上肌群的表面肌电信号。没有向参与者提供任何关于如何咀嚼和吞咽的额外指导。在咀嚼的最后阶段，与咀嚼的其他阶段相比，咬肌节律性活动的连续峰时间间隔延长。肌电图显示舌骨上肌组无显著变化。因此，下颌闭合肌肉和下颌张开肌肉的收缩从异相变为同相。我们已经提出了一个假设模型的基础上，本研究的结果，其中咀嚼转移到吞咽反射时，前馈输入的节奏发生器的下颌闭合和下颌张开肌肉收敛到一个假设的“吞咽”神经元组的同时。这个模型应该有助于理解吞咽困难的病理生理学。
Modification of movements by proprioceptive feedback during mastication has an important role in shifting from the oral to the pharyngeal phase of swallowing. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of masticatory muscles throughout a sequence of oropharyngeal swallowing and to present a hypothetical model of the involvement of the nervous system in the transition from mastication to the swallowing reflex. Surface electromyographic signals were recorded from the jaw-closing masseter muscles and the jaw-opening suprahyoid muscle group when a piece of bread (3–5 g) was ingested. Participants were not provided any additional instruction regarding how to chew and swallow. In the final stage of mastication, compared with other stages of mastication, the duration between sequential peak times of rhythmic activity of the masseter muscles was prolonged. Electromyography revealed no significant change in the suprahyoid muscle group. Accordingly, contraction of the jaw-closing muscles and the jaw-opening muscles altered from out-of-phase to in-phase. We have presented a hypothetical model based on the results of the present study, in which mastication shifts to the swallowing reflex when feed-forward inputs from rhythm generators for the jaw-closing and the jaw-opening muscles converge onto an assumed “convertor” neuron group concurrently. This model should contribute to understanding the pathophysiology of dysphagia.