Local Semantics in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar
Local Semantics in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar
复制标题
中心驱动短语结构语法中的局部语义
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
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通讯作者：
M. Sailer
中科院分区：
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作者：
M. Sailer
语义研究一般分为词汇语义学和组合语义学。LS关注语义函子与其参数之间的关系，无论是在语义选择限制方面还是在链接方面，即，句法补语与语义论元槽的关系。认知结构关注的是句子中各成分的语义贡献如何结合起来，以达到对句子的解释。这里的中心概念是量词和其他运算符的作用域。这种语义上的劳动分工在句法上也有其对应之处，例如，在Avs中就很明显。政府和约束理论的A-杠句法。在句法方面，模块化和两种句法的相互作用已经得到了相当深入的研究。然而，在语义方面，这两种语义之间的关系仍然没有得到很好的理解。在本文中，我们将有助于研究的LS-CS接口通过审查两个经验现象，链接和选择性的限制。我们将提出局部和非局部语义之间的区别，这将嵌入到一个一般的语言学理论，中心语驱动的短语结构语法（HPSG，波拉德和萨格（1994））。我们选择HPSG是因为它是一个严格形式化的语言框架（Richter，2004），并且对于LS和CS，它提供了许多实质性的建议。近年来，未指定语义的技术在HPSG中变得流行（Egg，1998; Egg和Erk，2002; Copestake等人，2003年; Richter和Sailer，1999年，2004年a）。我们将证明，这些技术使我们能够定义一个模块划分的两种语义内的语言符号。在导言的其余部分，我们将描述我们所理解的局部现象，并提出HPSG标准形式中给出的语言符号的结构。在第二节中，我们将讨论两种局部语义现象。在第三节中，我们将简要介绍词汇资源语义学的框架，它可以结合LS-CS的区别。结论将在第四节中结束本文.
Semantic research is generally divided into lexical semantics (LS) and compositional semantics (CS). LS is concerned with the relation between a semantic functor and its arguments, either in terms of semantic selectional restrictions or in terms of linking, i.e., the relation between syntactic complements and semantic argument slots. CS focuses on the way in which the semantic contributions of constituents in a sentence are combined to arrive at the interpretation of the sentence. The central notion here is the scope of quantifiers and other operators. This devision of labor in semantics has its parallel in syntax, which, for example, is evident in the Avs. A-bar syntax of Government and Binding Theory. In the case of syntax, the modularization and the interaction of the two “kinds” of syntax have been studied fairly thoroughly. On the semantic side, however, the relation between the two kinds of semantics is still not so well understood. In this paper we will contribute to the study of the LS-CS interface by reviewing two empirical phenomena, linking and selectional restrictions. We will propose a distinction between local and nonlocal semantics which will be embedded in a general linguistic theory, Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG, Pollard and Sag (1994)). We have chosen HPSG because it is a rigidly formalized linguistic framework (Richter, 2004), and for both LS and CS it offers a number of substantial proposals to build on. In recent years techniques of underspecified semantics have become popular within HPSG (Egg, 1998; Egg and Erk, 2002; Copestake et al., 2003; Richter and Sailer, 1999, 2004a). We will demonstrate that these techniques allow us to define a modular devision of the two kinds of semantics within a linguistic sign. In the rest of the introduction we will characterize what we understand by a local phenomenon and present the structure of a linguistic sign as given in the standard form of HPSG. In Section 2 we will discuss two local semantic phenomena. In Section 3 we will present a concise introduction to the framework of Lexical Resource Semantics which can incorporate the LS-CS distinction. A conclusion will round off this paper in Section 4.