Reading disc-based bioassays with standard computer drives.
Reading disc-based bioassays with standard computer drives.
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DOI：
10.1021/ar300104b
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
18.3
通讯作者：
Hua-Zhong Yu;Yunchao Li;L. M. Ou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hua-Zhong Yu;Yunchao Li;L. M. Ou
传统的疾病诊断方法既耗时又耗力，许多测试需要昂贵的仪器和训练有素的专业人员，这限制了它们在生物医学实验室的使用。由于患者可能要等几天（甚至几周）才能得到结果，因此延迟治疗的后果可能是灾难性的。因此，负担得起的和简单的床旁（POC）生物传感器设备可以填补在诊所甚至在家里的诊断利基，个人血糖仪为糖尿病患者。这些设备将允许患者检查自己的健康状况，并使医生能够迅速做出治疗决定，这可以提高快速康复和治愈的机会。致密盘（CD）为制备微阵列生物芯片提供了廉价的基底材料，并且常规的计算机驱动器/盘播放器可以适于作为用于信号处理的精确光学阅读设备。研究人员可以使用CD的聚碳酸酯（PC）基底作为制备微量分析设备的载玻片或硅片的替代基底。利用CD金属层上发生的特征光学现象，研究人员可以开发基于先进光谱读出（干涉测量或表面等离子体共振）的生物传感器。如果研究人员将微流体功能与CD力学相结合，他们就可以通过光盘的旋转运动来控制流体转移，从而形成“CD上的实验室”设备。在过去的十年里，我们的实验室一直专注于利用现成的CD或DVD和标准计算机驱动器构建POC生物传感器设备。除了初步研究的适用性的CD表面和材料化学研究（自组装单层和氧化物纳米结构的制造），我们已经证明，一个普通的光驱，没有修改的硬件或软件驱动程序，可以作为信号转导元件的阅读光盘为基础的生物测定定量。在这个帐户中，我们首先简要介绍了CD相关的材料化学和微流体研究。然后，我们描述了温和的化学在我们的实验室开发的计算机可读的生物分子筛选试验的准备：光化学活化的聚碳酸酯（PC）光盘表面和固定化和交付的探针和目标生物分子。我们彻底讨论了分子识别事件的分析：研究人员可以用任何个人计算机的未修改的光驱定量地“读取”这些设备。最后，关键的是，我们说明了我们的数字化分子诊断方法与三个试验系统：DNA杂交，抗体-抗原结合，和超灵敏的铅检测与DNAzyme测定。这些例子证明了这种新的分析/诊断工具在医疗筛查、现场食品/水安全检测和远程环境监测方面的广泛潜力。
Traditional methods of disease diagnosis are both time-consuming and labor-intensive, and many tests require expensive instrumentation and trained professionals, which restricts their use to biomedical laboratories. Because patients can wait several days (even weeks) for the results, the consequences of delayed treatment could be disastrous. Therefore, affordable and simple point-of-care (POC) biosensor devices could fill a diagnostic niche in the clinic or even at home, as personal glucose meters do for diabetics. These devices would allow patients to check their own health conditions and enable physicians to make prompt treatment decisions, which could improve the chances for rapid recovery and cure. Compact discs (CDs) provide inexpensive substrate materials for the preparation of microarray biochips, and conventional computer drives/disc players can be adapted as precise optical reading devices for signal processing. Researchers can employ the polycarbonate (PC) base of a CD as an alternative substrate to glass slides or silicon wafers for the preparation of microanalytical devices. Using the characteristic optical phenomena occurring on the metal layer of a CD, researchers can develop biosensors based on advanced spectroscopic readout (interferometry or surface plasmon resonance). If researchers integrate microfluidic functions with CD mechanics, they can control fluid transfer through the spinning motion of the disc, leading to "lab-on-a-CD" devices. Over the last decade, our laboratory has focused on the construction of POC biosensor devices from off-the-shelf CDs or DVDs and standard computer drives. Besides the initial studies of the suitability of CDs for surface and materials chemistry research (fabrication of self-assembled monolayers and oxide nanostructures), we have demonstrated that an ordinary optical drive, without modification of either the hardware or the software driver, can function as the signal transducing element for reading disc-based bioassays quantitatively. In this Account, we first provide a brief introduction to CD-related materials chemistry and microfluidics research. Then we describe the mild chemistry developed in our laboratory for the preparation of computer-readable biomolecular screening assays: photochemical activation of the polycarbonate (PC) disc surface and immobilization and delivery of probe and target biomolecules. We thoroughly discuss the analysis of the molecular recognition events: researchers can "read" these devices quantitatively with an unmodified optical drive of any personal computer. Finally, and critically, we illustrate our digitized molecular diagnosis approach with three trial systems: DNA hybridization, antibody-antigen binding, and ultrasensitive lead detection with a DNAzyme assay. These examples demonstrate the broad potential of this new analytical/diagnostic tool for medical screening, on-site food/water safety testing, and remote environmental monitoring.