Rapid and efficient identification of bacteria using gold-nanoparticle -: Poly(para-phenyleneethynylene) constructs
Rapid and efficient identification of bacteria using gold-nanoparticle -: Poly(para-phenyleneethynylene) constructs
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DOI：
10.1002/anie.200703369
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Bunz, Uwe H. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Phillips, Ronnie L.;Miranda, Oscar R.;Bunz, Uwe H. F.
快速有效地鉴定水和生物流体中的病原体是医学、法医学和环境科学中的重要问题。[1，2]我们在本文中证明了金纳米颗粒和聚（对苯撑乙炔）（PPE）的非共价缀合物在几分钟内有效地识别细菌。[3-8]纳米颗粒-细菌相互作用从金-纳米颗粒猝灭剂释放结合的荧光聚合物，打开聚合物荧光。由细菌表面产生的差异荧光响应提供了一种有效的鉴定手段。[5]我们已经通过使用12种不同的细菌测试了这种方法的有效性，证明了我们在不使用抗体[6，7]或放射性标记的情况下区分细菌种类以及单一种类菌株的能力。[8]常规平板接种和培养[9]通常用于鉴定临床环境中的致病细菌病原体。虽然已经针对特定微生物开发了技术先进的系统[10]，但这些方法很复杂或需要复杂的仪器。平板接种和培养是准确的，但需要大量的时间和精力（超过24小时）。因此，在无法获得微生物学信息的情况下做出床旁治疗决定，可能导致开出次优抗生素处方。一个例子是治疗耐甲氧西林或耐甲氧西林的沙门氏菌。金黄色葡萄球菌菌株（MRSA）在社区获得性感染，需要用磺胺类药物或万古霉素治疗。[11]Reisner和Woods调查了9000多例临床报告的细菌感染病例，[9]发现85-90%是由于七种病原体引起的，其中S. aureus和E.一半的感染是由大肠杆菌引起的。一个简单而快速的测试，可以辨别临床上最流行的病原体将是非常有价值的，提供有效的治疗方法对致病病原体在初始点的护理访问期间，在超过85%的所有情况下管理。这种能力不仅会提高治疗效果，而且还会减少因不适当使用抗生素而产生耐药性细菌的发生。
Fast and efficient identification of pathogens in water and biological fluids is an important issue in medical, forensic, and environmental sciences.[1, 2] We demonstrate herein that noncovalent conjugates of gold nanoparticles and poly (paraphenyleneethynylene)(PPE) identify bacteria effectively within minutes.[3–8] Nanoparticle–bacteria interactions release the bound fluorescent polymer from the gold-nanoparticle quencher, turning on of the polymer fluorescence. The differential fluorescence responses generated by the bacterial surfaces provide an efficient means of identification.[5] We have tested the efficacy of this method by using twelve different bacteria, demonstrating our ability to differentiate between species of bacteria as well as between strains of a single species, without the use of antibodies [6, 7] or radioactive markers.[8]Conventional plating and culturing [9] is generally used to identify causative bacterial pathogens in clinical environments. Although technologically advanced systems have been developed for specific microorganisms,[10] these methods are complex or require sophisticated instrumentation. Plating and culturing is accurate, but requires significant time and effort (more than 24h). Point-of-care treatment decisions are therefore made without access to microbiological information, potentially leading to the prescription of a suboptimal antibiotic. An example is the treatment of keflex-or methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (MRSA) in community-acquired infections that require treatment with either sulfa drugs or vancomycin.[11] Reisner and Woods have investigated over 9000 cases of clinically reported bacterial infections,[9] and found that 85–90% were due to only seven pathogens, with S. aureus and E. coli being responsible for half of all infections. A simple and rapid test that could discern the clinically most prevalent pathogens would be of great value, providing effective therapeutics against causative pathogens to be administered during the initial point-of-care visit in over 85% of all cases. This capability would not only increase the efficacy of therapy, but would also reduce the occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria arising from inappropriate use of antibiotics.