What Do Surgeons See: Capturing and Synchronizing Eye Gaze for Surgery Applications
What Do Surgeons See: Capturing and Synchronizing Eye Gaze for Surgery Applications
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DOI：
10.1177/1553350612449075
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发表时间：
2013-06-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Zheng, Bin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Atkins, M. Stella;Tien, Geoffrey;Zheng, Bin
在手术环境中记录眼球运动具有挑战性。这项研究描述了作者在实验室和手术室（OR）进行眼动追踪以改善手术培训的经验。使用了三种不同的眼动仪，每种眼动仪都有不同的功能和要求。为了在模拟手术室中监测眼睛注视在房间场景上的移位，使用了头戴式系统。该系统成功地捕获了外科医生在显示患者生命体征的监视器上的眼睛扫视次数。头戴式眼动仪的分辨率不足以在手术显示器上获得详细的凝视坐标。然后，作者选择了一个内置于17英寸计算机显示器中的高分辨率眼动跟踪器，该显示器能够以1A视角的分辨率记录注视差异。该系统能够在实验室环境中在手术监视器上研究外科医生的眼手协调。然而，有限的有效跟踪距离限制了该系统在真实的手术室动态环境中的使用。另一种眼动追踪系统被发现具有同样高的分辨率水平，但在追踪距离上具有更大的灵活性，因为眼动追踪相机与监视器分离。使用该系统，成功记录了外科医生在手术室进行11次腹腔镜手术期间的凝视。将眼动追踪设备不显眼地集成到常规手术室工作流程中存在许多后勤挑战，并且存在图像兼容性和数据验证形式的数据处理问题。这些挑战的经验和解决方案进行了讨论。
Recording eye motions in surgical environments is challenging. This study describes the authors' experiences with performing eye-tracking for improving surgery training, both in the laboratory and in the operating room (OR). Three different eye-trackers were used, each with different capabilities and requirements. For monitoring eye gaze shifts over the room scene in a simulated OR, a head-mounted system was used. The number of surgeons' eye glances on the monitor displaying patient vital signs was successfully captured by this system. The resolution of the head-mounted eye-tracker was not sufficient to obtain the gaze coordinates in detail on the surgical display monitor. The authors then selected a high-resolution eye-tracker built in to a 17-inch computer monitor that is capable of recording gaze differences with resolution of 1A of visual angle. This system enables one to investigate surgeons' eye-hand coordination on the surgical monitor in the laboratory environment. However, the limited effective tracking distance restricts the use of this system in the dynamic environment in the real OR. Another eye-tracker system was found with equally high level of resolution but with more flexibility on the tracking distance, as the eye-tracker camera was detached from the monitor. With this system, the surgeon's gaze during 11 laparoscopic procedures in the OR was recorded successfully. There were many logistical challenges with unobtrusively integrating the eye-tracking equipment into the regular OR workflow and data processing issues in the form of image compatibility and data validation. The experiences and solutions to these challenges are discussed.