Carbohydrate Restriction, as a First-Line Dietary Intervention, Effectively Reduces Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome in Emirati Adults
Carbohydrate Restriction, as a First-Line Dietary Intervention, Effectively Reduces Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome in Emirati Adults
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.109.109603
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Fernandez, Maria Luz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Al-Sarraj, Taif;Saadi, Hussein;Fernandez, Maria Luz
阿拉伯联合酋长国的糖尿病患病率是世界上最高的。代谢综合征（MetS）使个体易患DM;因此，针对MetS生物标志物的饮食干预是高度优先的。我们评估了限制碳水化合物饮食（CRD）是否可以有效地用作阿联酋成人的一线治疗干预，以改善代谢综合征的特征。共有39名参与者（14名男性，25名女性）18-50岁，按MetS分类，遵循CRD（20-25%碳水化合物，50-55%脂肪，25-30%蛋白质能量分布）。6周后，19名参与者随机转换为AHA饮食（55%碳水化合物，25-30%脂肪，15-20%蛋白质），而20名参与者继续CRD饮食6周。空腹血脂，24小时饮食回忆，身体成分，人体测量学，血压（BP），血糖，胰岛素和炎症的血浆标志物在基线，第6周和第12周进行了测量。饮食分析表明高依从性。在第6周，CRD（n = 39）导致体重（-13%）、腰围（-4.5%）、体脂（-10.6%）和血浆甘油三酯（TG）（-38.7%）降低（P < 0.001）。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血压、血糖、胰岛素和炎症标志物显著降低，脂联素显著升高（P < 0.05）。12周后，所有参与者的积极变化持续存在，独立于饮食。CRD组体重、血浆TG和胰岛素水平均低于CRD + AHA组（P < 0.05）。这项研究的结果表明，6周的CRD可以有效地用作一线饮食疗法，以快速改善阿联酋成年人的代谢综合征和心血管风险。J.营养139：1667-1676，2009.
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the United Arab Emirates is among the highest world-wide. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) predisposes individuals to DM; therefore, dietary interventions targeting MetS biomarkers are a high priority. We evaluated whether a carbohydrate-restricted diet (CRD) could effectively be used as a first-line therapy intervention in adult Emirati to improve the characteristics of MetS. A total of 39 participants (14 men, 25 women) 18-50 y, classified with MetS, followed a CRD (20-25% carbohydrate, 50-55% fat, 25-30% protein energy distribution). After 6 wk, 19 participants were randomly switched to the AHA diet (55% carbohydrate, 25-30% fat, 15-20% protein) whereas 20 participants continued with the CRD diet for an additional 6 wk. Fasting plasma lipids, 24-h dietary recalls, body composition, anthropometrics, blood pressure (BP), glucose, insulin, and plasma markers of inflammation were measured at baseline, wk 6, and wk 12. Dietary analysis indicated high compliance. At wk 6, the CRD (n = 39) resulted in decreased body weight (-13%), waist circumference (-4.5%), body fat (-10.6%), and plasma triglycerides (TG) (-38.7%) (P < 0.001). Significant decreases in LDL cholesterol, BP, glucose, insulin, and inflammatory markers and increases in adiponectin (P < 0.05) also occurred. After 12 wk, positive changes persisted for all participants, independent of diet. However, body weight and plasma TG and insulin were lower in the CRD (P < 0.05) group than in the CRD + AHA group. Results from this study suggest that a 6-wk CRD can effectively be used as a first-line diet therapy to rapidly improve features of MetS and cardiovascular risk in adult Emirati. J. Nutr. 139: 1667-1676, 2009.