Viral G Protein-Coupled Receptors Encoded by β- and γ-Herpesviruses.

Viral G Protein-Coupled Receptors Encoded by β- and γ-Herpesviruses.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-virology-100220-113942
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发表时间:
2022-09-29
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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疱疹病毒是古老的大型 DNA 病毒,它们利用基因捕获作为其逃避免疫监视、促进病毒传播或重新编程宿主细胞以利于其生存的策略的一部分。大多数获得性基因是跨膜蛋白和细胞因子,例如病毒 G 蛋白偶联受体 (vGPCR)、趋化因子和趋化因子结合蛋白。本综述重点关注人类 β 和 γ 疱疹病毒编码的 vGPCR。其中包括来自人类巨细胞病毒的受体,它编码四种 vGPCR:US27、US28、UL33 和 UL78;人类疱疹病毒 6 型和 7 型,具有两种受体:U12 和 U51; Epstein-Barr病毒具有一种:BILF1;卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒有一个:开放阅读框 74,ORF74。鉴于与内源性受体的显着差异,我们讨论了 vGPCR 的配体结合、信号传导和结构。最后,我们简要讨论了 vGPCR 作为未来治疗急性和慢性疱疹病毒感染的治疗靶向。
Herpesviruses are ancient large DNA viruses that have exploited gene capture as part of their strategy to escape immune surveillance, promote virus spreading, or reprogram host cells to benefit their survival. Most acquired genes are transmembrane proteins and cytokines, such as viral G protein–coupled receptors (vGPCRs), chemokines, and chemokine-binding proteins. This review focuses on the vGPCRs encoded by the human β- and γ-herpesviruses. These include receptors from human cytomegalovirus, which encodes four vGPCRs: US27, US28, UL33, and UL78; human herpesvirus 6 and 7 with two receptors: U12 and U51; Epstein-Barr virus with one: BILF1; and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus with one: open reading frame 74, ORF74. We discuss ligand binding, signaling, and structures of the vGPCRs in light of robust differences from endogenous receptors. Finally, we briefly discuss the therapeutic targeting of vGPCRs as future treatment of acute and chronic herpesvirus infections.
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