Explicit and implicit stereotype activation effects on memory: Do age and awareness moderate the impact of priming?
Explicit and implicit stereotype activation effects on memory: Do age and awareness moderate the impact of priming?
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.19.3.495
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Statham, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess, TM;Hinson, JT;Statham, JA
两项研究考察了内隐和外显启动对老年刻板印象的影响。内隐启动对老年人的记忆有显著影响，积极启动比消极启动与更大的回忆相关。与明确的启动，老年人能够抵消负面刻板印象的影响时，线索是相对微妙的，但明目张胆的刻板印象启动抑制性能，无论总理类型。没有启动的效果，在任何演示条件下，获得年轻的成年人，这表明所观察到的内隐效应是特定于那些刻板印象是自我相关的。研究结果强调社会情境因素在确定老年人的记忆表现的重要性，并有助于划定的情况下，刻板印象最有影响力。
Two studies examined the effects of implicit and explicit priming of aging stereotypes. Implicit primes had a significant effect on older adults' memory, with positive primes associated with greater recall than negative primes. With explicit primes, older adults were able to counteract the impact of negative stereotypes when the cues were relatively subtle, but blatant stereotype primes suppressed performance regardless of prime type. No priming effects under either presentation condition were obtained for younger adults, indicating that the observed implicit effects are specific to those for whom the stereotype is self-relevant. Findings emphasize the importance of social-situational factors in determining older adults' memory performance and contribute to the delineation of situations under which stereotypes are most influential.