Effect of the form of dietary fat and the concentration of dietary neutral detergent fiber on ileal and total tract endogenous losses and apparent and true digestibility of fat by growing pigs
Effect of the form of dietary fat and the concentration of dietary neutral detergent fiber on ileal and total tract endogenous losses and apparent and true digestibility of fat by growing pigs
复制标题
DOI：
10.2527/jas.2009-2216
复制
发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Stein, H. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kil, D. Y.;Sauber, T. E.;Stein, H. H.
本试验测定了日粮脂肪（提取脂肪或完整脂肪）的形式和日粮NDF对生长猪回肠和全消化道内源性脂肪损失（ELF）、脂肪的表观回肠消化率（AID）和表观全消化道消化率（ATTD）以及脂肪的真回肠消化率（TID）和真全消化道消化率（TTTD）的影响。制备了含有1.27%脂肪的基于玉米淀粉的基础日粮，并通过以玉米淀粉为代价向基础日粮中添加2.0%、4.0%或6.0%提取的脂肪（玉米油）来配制3种日粮。通过添加3.1、6.2或9.3%的Solka-Floc（International Fiber Corp.，北托纳万达，NY）添加到含有4.0%玉米油的饮食中，以玉米淀粉为代价。其余4种饲料通过向饲料中添加全玉米胚芽粉来制备，以脱脂玉米胚芽粉为代价，以含有3.0%、6.0%或9.0%的完整脂肪。Solka-Floc也被包括在这种饮食中，以玉米淀粉为代价，试图保持NDF恒定。11头公猪（初始平均BW为38.1 +/-1.3 kg）在回肠远端安装T型套管，以11 × 11拉丁方设计分配至11种饲料，并以3倍于维持能量需求的饲料饲喂。增加饲粮脂肪提取物可显著提高脂肪的AID和ATTD（线性和二次曲线，P < 0.001）。增加日粮完整脂肪也增加了脂肪的AID和ATTD（线性和二次曲线，P < 0.05）。提取脂肪的平均表观消化率（81.9%）显著高于完整脂肪（63.2%）（P < 0.001）。在回肠末端和整个肠道，提取脂肪的ELF估计值小于完整脂肪的ELF估计值（P < 0.05），但提取脂肪的TID（93.8%）和TTTD（94.2%）大于完整脂肪的TID（78.6%）和TTTD（84.1%）（P < 0.05）。添加提取脂肪对脂肪的TID和TTTD没有影响，但添加完整脂肪使脂肪的TTTD呈二次曲线下降（P < 0.05）。增加日粮NDF对脂肪ATTD有二次效应（P < 0.05），但对脂肪AID、TID和TTTD无影响。总之，提取的脂肪诱导较少量的ELF，并且在回肠末端和整个肠道中具有比完整脂肪更大的表观和真实消化率。纯化的NDF对脂肪的表观消化率和真消化率影响不大。
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the form of dietary fat (extracted or intact fat) and of dietary NDF on ileal and total tract endogenous losses of fat (ELF), on apparent ileal (AID) and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of fat, and on true ileal (TID) and true total tract digestibility (TTTD) of fat in growing pigs. A cornstarch-based basal diet that contained 1.27% fat was prepared and 3 diets were formulated by adding 2.0, 4.0, or 6.0% extracted fat (corn oil) to the basal diet at the expense of cornstarch. Three additional diets were formulated by adding 3.1, 6.2, or 9.3% Solka-Floc (International Fiber Corp., North Tonawanda, NY) to the diet containing 4.0% corn oil at the expense of cornstarch. The remaining 4 diets were prepared by adding whole corn germ meal to the diet at the expense of defatted corn germ meal to contain 3.0, 6.0, or 9.0% intact fat. Solka-Floc was also included in this diet at the expense of cornstarch in an attempt to keep NDF constant. Eleven barrows (initial average BW of 38.1 +/- 1.3 kg) were fitted with a T-cannula in the distal ileum, allotted to the 11 diets in an 11 x 11 Latin square design, and fed the diets at 3 times the energy requirement for maintenance. Increasing dietary extracted fat increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) the AID and ATTD of fat. Increasing dietary intact fat also increased (linear and quadratic, P < 0.05) the AID and ATTD of fat. The average apparent digestibility of extracted fat (81.9%) was greater (P < 0.001) than that of intact fat (63.2%). Estimates of ELF were smaller (P < 0.05) for extracted fat than for intact fat at the end of the ileum and over the entire intestinal tract, but the TID (93.8%) and TTTD (94.2%) of extracted fat were greater (P < 0.05) than the TID (78.6%) and TTTD (84.1%) of intact fat. Increasing dietary extracted fat had no effects on the TID and TTTD of fat, but increasing dietary intact fat resulted in a quadratic reduction (P < 0.05) in the TTTD of fat. Increasing dietary NDF had a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) on the ATTD of fat but did not influence the AID, TID, and TTTD of fat. In conclusion, extracted fat induces a smaller amount of ELF and has a greater apparent and true digestibility than intact fat at the end of the ileum and over the entire intestinal tract. Purified NDF has little influence on apparent and true digestibility of fat.