Transforming Smart Cities with Spatial Computing
Transforming Smart Cities with Spatial Computing
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DOI：
10.1109/isc2.2018.8656800
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发表时间：
2018-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yiqun Xie;Jayant Gupta;Yan Li;S. Shekhar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yiqun Xie;Jayant Gupta;Yan Li;S. Shekhar
空间方法在城市基础设施改革方面有着丰富的历史。例如，约翰·斯诺 (John Snow) 1854 年绘制的伦敦霍乱地图促使城市通过下水道系统保护饮用水，并增加绿地以促进公共卫生。如今，由于战略（例如，长期规划、土地使用）、战术（例如，财产税、选址、资产跟踪）和操作（例如，E-911、态势感知、枪击定位）用例，地理空间数据和地图是城市使用最多的技术之一。此外，它们（例如谷歌地图）帮助公民导航，无人机远离受限空间（例如机场、NFL 比赛），共享经济（例如 Uber）将消费者与附近的提供商匹配起来。智慧城市未来的空间计算机会更加引人注目。 GIS 有望帮助重新想象、重新设计、查看和比较替代基础设施的未来，以应对风险（例如气候变化、不平等加剧、人口增长）和机遇（例如自动驾驶汽车、分布式能源生产）。本文调查了最近的空间计算成就，并确定了智慧城市用例的研究需求。
Spatial methods have a rich history of reforming city infrastructure. For example, John Snow’s 1854 London Cholera map spurred cities to protect drinking water via sewer systems and to increase green spaces for public health. Today, geospatial data and mapping are among the technologies that cities use the most due to strategic (e.g., long-term planning, land-use), tactical (e.g., property tax, site selection, asset tracking) and operational (e.g., E-911, situation awareness, gunshot location) use cases. Moreover, they (e.g., Google Maps) help citizens navigate, drones stay clear of restricted spaces (e.g., airports, NFL games), and sharing-economy (e.g., Uber) match consumers with nearby providers. Future spatial computing opportunities for smart cities are even more compelling. GIS promises to help re-imagine, redesign, see, and compare alternative infrastructure futures to address risks (e.g., climate change, rising inequality, population growth) and opportunities (e.g., autonomous vehicles, distributed energy production). This paper surveys recent spatial computing accomplishments and identifies research needs for smart-city use-cases.