The Vagus Nerve at the Interface of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis.
The Vagus Nerve at the Interface of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis.
复制标题
迷走神经在界面的微生物肠道脑轴。
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2018.00049
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Pellissier S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonaz B;Bazin T;Pellissier S
微生物群、肠道和大脑通过微生物群-肠道-大脑轴进行双向交流，其中包括自主神经系统。迷走神经（VN）是副交感神经系统的主要组成部分，是由80%传入纤维和20%传出纤维组成的混合神经。VN，由于它在内感受意识中的作用，能够通过传入神经感应微生物群的代谢物，将肠道信息传递到中枢神经系统，并在中枢自主神经网络中整合，然后产生适应或不适当的反应。已经描述了通过VN纤维的胆碱能抗炎途径，它能够抑制外周炎症并降低肠道通透性，因此很可能调节微生物群组成。应激抑制VN，对胃肠道和微生物群产生有害影响，并参与肠道疾病的病理生理学，如肠易激综合征（IBS）和炎症性肠病（IBD），这两种疾病都以生态失调为特征。在IBD和IBS患者中，迷走神经张力低，因此有利于周围炎症。以VN为靶点，例如通过具有抗炎特性的VN刺激，将有助于恢复微生物-肠-脑轴的稳态。
The microbiota, the gut, and the brain communicate through the microbiota-gut-brain axis in a bidirectional way that involves the autonomic nervous system. The vagus nerve (VN), the principal component of the parasympathetic nervous system, is a mixed nerve composed of 80% afferent and 20% efferent fibers. The VN, because of its role in interoceptive awareness, is able to sense the microbiota metabolites through its afferents, to transfer this gut information to the central nervous system where it is integrated in the central autonomic network, and then to generate an adapted or inappropriate response. A cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway has been described through VN's fibers, which is able to dampen peripheral inflammation and to decrease intestinal permeability, thus very probably modulating microbiota composition. Stress inhibits the VN and has deleterious effects on the gastrointestinal tract and on the microbiota, and is involved in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which are both characterized by a dysbiosis. A low vagal tone has been described in IBD and IBS patients thus favoring peripheral inflammation. Targeting the VN, for example through VN stimulation which has anti-inflammatory properties, would be of interest to restore homeostasis in the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Borovikova, LV;Ivanova, S;Tracey, KJ
通讯作者：
Tracey, KJ
影响因子：
65.1
作者：
de Souza, Heitor S. P.;Fiocchi, Claudio;Iliopoulos, Dimitrios
通讯作者：
Iliopoulos, Dimitrios
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Bellono NW;Bayrer JR;Leitch DB;Castro J;Zhang C;O'Donnell TA;Brierley SM;Ingraham HA;Julius D
通讯作者：
Julius D
DOI：
10.1016/0165-1838(93)90360-7
发表时间：
1993-10-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
影响因子：
--
作者：
BLACKSHAW, LA;GRUNDY, D
通讯作者：
GRUNDY, D
影响因子：
6
作者：
Costantini, Todd W.;Krzyzaniak, Michael;Coimbra, Raul
通讯作者：
Coimbra, Raul