Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Prevalence rates in South Africa
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Prevalence rates in South Africa
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DOI：
10.7196/samj.2016.v106i6.11009
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Viljoen, D. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Olivier, L.;Curfs, L. M. G.;Viljoen, D. L.
背景。胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）在南非是一种诊断不足的疾病。目的：对广东省9个省中3个省的17个镇进行胎儿酒精综合征和FASD的社区患病率调查。所有研究的目的是通过评估所有研究中的一年级学习者，使用国际FASD诊断标准来确定FASD的患病率。在豪登省、西开普省和北开普省的所有研究都使用了同样的方法。同意的一年级学生接受了人体测量筛查、临床检查和神经发育评估。采用结构化访谈来评估孕妇在怀孕期间的饮酒情况。报告的患病率为每1 000例活产29至290例。在南非进行的研究中发现的FASD发病率是世界上最高的。传染病影响南澳所有社区，因此是南澳的一个主要公共卫生问题。迫切需要多学科和跨部门干预措施，以提高人们对产前酒精暴露的危险以及酒精中毒对儿童、家庭和社区生活的破坏性影响的认识。
Background. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is an under-diagnosed condition in South Africa (SA). Fetal alcohol syndrome and FASD community prevalence studies were undertaken in 17 towns in three of the nine provinces in SA.Objective. The objective for all the studies was to determine the FASD prevalence rates by assessing the grade 1 learners in all the studies, using international FASD diagnostic criteria.Methods. The same methodology was used for all the studies in Gauteng, Western and Northern Cape provinces. Consenting grade I learners received anthropometric screening, clinical examinations and neurodevelopmental assessments. Structured interviews were used to assess maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy.Results. Reported prevalence rates ranged from 29 to 290 per 1 000 live births.Conclusion. FASD rates from studies conducted in SA are among the highest worldwide. FASD affects all communities in SA and is therefore a major public health concern in SA. Multidisciplinary and intersectoral interventions are urgently required to raise awareness about the dangers of prenatal alcohol exposure and the devastating effect of FASD on the lives of children, families and communities.